Behavior and manners Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Behavior and manners - Essay Example These events leave a strong impression upon one’s mind, which cannot be forgotten easily. Although I have proven to be a very good boy throughout my life, yet there is a regretful experience when I punched a person who was misbehaving with me. I ended up at police station. This experience is important for me as I learnt a very good lesson which benefitted me many a times after that. I was driving with my dad to the beach on a hot summer day when our car got stuck in traffic. It was a holiday and, thus, most of the people were out. Our car was at a signal. On green light, the driver in front of our car did not move. My dad has always been against rudeness but, still, he kept his nerves. We got out of the car, and went to the driver. I saw that he was trying to grab his cell phone from the back seat that his kid had thrown there. â€Å"Excuse me! The signal is green from ages. Will you mind moving? The whole traffic is waiting for you to move on, and you seem like not caring at all,† I asked him. â€Å"Yes, I will mind moving until I grab my phone. You’d better stay back,† he replied with much arrogance. â€Å"How rude that is!† I exclaimed, â€Å"Don’t you know you are bugging others in the line?† ... Move your car right now. I’m getting late.† Everyone was giving horns and shouting at us to move. I could see all other drivers staring at us. The man had found his phone by then. He grabbed the phone while still shouting at his kids. He gave us a wave with his hand with a look as if trying to tell us to shut up. I heard him say, â€Å"Piss off, you son-of-a-bitch!† â€Å"What did you just say?† I was infuriated like hell. â€Å"You would know if you were travelling with little kids in the car, you rascal!† shouted the man while trying to concentrate upon his keys. That enraged me even more. My dad held my arm and told me not to indulge in quarrel. But I would not get convinced after the man called me names. When he turned his ignition on, I jumped at him, and punched him hard on his face. He came out of the car fuming with anger; but till then, a couple of passengers had come between us. Two policemen arrived at the scene. I was not expecting such a big scene. All that happened within fifteen minutes. However, I landed at the police station, where my dad tried to argue with the policemen. Eventually, I was fined. The worst thing is that I had disappointed my dad very much. I regretted behaving so uncivil to hit a man. I knew that mom was going to be furious at me. When I came home, mom got angry when she came to know. Both dad and mom had a hard talk with me, and dad said that he would not let me drive a car ever again if I continued to be that uncivil. He had forgotten how that driver had behaved with me, but he remembered my incivility. That was the moment I got familiar with regret. I had never regretted anything in my life. It was the first instance that invoked regret in me. But, here’s the good part. I

Visions in Conflict (Descriptions) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Visions in Conflict (Descriptions) - Essay Example Featuring the works of Rudy Scholaert, Ervin Staub, Mark Van Vugt, Valarie Vat Kamatsiko, and William Clough, this volume investigates the visions at the heart of the world’s conflicts. These studies investigate the good work being done in the field of conflict resolution and peace building around the world particularly in the arenas of acknowledgement and understanding of the â€Å"other† (including interfaith dialogue) and communication through conflict and forgiveness. Conflict, even of the life and death sort, is apparently inevitable in this world.   The source of much of this conflict is conveyed through religion in its tendency to teach its followers that they belong to specific epistemological and ontological categories.   The real issue, therefore, is how to shift the methodology of conflict from a military standpoint to political, persuasive, and, maybe, economic standpoints that strive to find areas of cooperation and collusion rather than violence and coercion.   The emphasis of these essays is in finding some of these points of collusion and potential cooperation in various geographical positions throughout the world. The presentation of these discussions is not intended to be the final answer to the theological dilemmas and conflicts of our time, but is instead intended to open up a new dialogue. In the new global society of the modern age, we can either continue to emphasize our differences in religious dogma, already proven to foster continuing conflict, or we can begin to seek out those areas in which we can agree and perhaps find new means of solving our points of contention. Visions in Conflict Vol. 1 is intended to begin this discussion but, it is hoped, will not be the final word toward global understanding. The concept of the ‘other’ is widely used and discussed in modern times thanks to our ever-increasing association with global inhabitants. In its most

3D Technology In Television

3D Technology In Television Nowadays there are many companies and educational establishment which have expressed a deep interest in 3D television. 3D technology lends itself very nicely to a number of different markets including walk through of houses in the real estate market. It can also offer high quality, realistic training in other industries such as construction, mining and government institutions. The advantage of this technology is that it shortens the learning curve and retention of the people who uses it. How incredible would it be if the medical industry can use 3D technology in their TV monitors during surgery? This thesis paper will concentrate mainly on the development that we observed in the past and to bring out ideas related to justify the role of three dimensional technologies in television and cinema especially. 1.1 Thesis Statement 3D is the technology of the future for television and cinema 1.3 Ethical Issues Some ethical issues might be involved when carrying out this research. These issues are related to the characteristics of qualitative methodology which usually include long-term and close personal involvement and while extracting some data. It can be due to Truthfulness, openness, confidentiality and fidelity, copy right infringement. It can be further demonstrated as follows: CHAPTER 2 Literature Review 2.1 A Brief History of 3D The idea of using 3D images for movies and television has been around for quite some time. In fact, the technology dates from the late 19th century and the first 3D movie was actually shown in 1922. There have been various periods over the years where 3D movies and television became popular for short periods, such as during the 1950s in America, but it has never taken off and remained mainstream. In the 1980s there was another craze for watching movies in 3D, and a number of releases such as Jaws 3-D used this technology. The way it worked in those days was that we had to wear a cheap pair of cardboard glasses while we watched the movie, and these had a red lens over one eye and a cyan lens on the other side. Coupled with a special stereoscopic filming technique, the glasses enabled the image on the movie screen to appear to have a 3D effect. We were able to see a depth to the image as some objects appeared nearer than others. There were always a few special effects throughout the movie where something would leap out from the screen and make us jump. Oh yes, we really knew how to enjoy ourselves in the old days! However the demand for 3D gradually faded and, although it never disappeared completely, 3D images have usually been seen as an interesting gimmick rather than a proper alternative to 2D images. And why did it fade away? Well, because it was a bit rubbish really. It never really looked that good and often just gave viewer a headache. So 25 years after the last 3D craze, here we go again. 3D is all the rage and its time to get viewer 3D specs out once more. Even though the technology has developed over the years (aided by the introduction of digital technology), the most common forms are still based around the principle of wearing a special pair of glasses in order to see the 3D effect. 3D in Cinema A passive 3D system using polarized glasses is the type most often used in cinema the most common system being RealD Cinema. This method provides an effective 3D effect and polarized glasses are relatively cheap to make, and so it is the most cost-effective way of providing 3D to large audiences. However, there are alternative 3D systems currently being used in cinemas around the world such as Dolby 3D, XpanD 3D, MasterImage 3D and IMAX 3D all of which use slightly different methods to create a similar 3D effect. 3D in the Home For 3D images in our homes, many manufacturers are going to be using frame sequential 3D in their HDTVs. Many of the new 3D flat screen TVs will use this active 3D technology and this will require us to buy the more expensive active shutter LCD glasses. The main advantage of active 3D systems is that they will deliver Full HD 1080p images to each eye, whereas other methods will have to rely on lower resolutions. However, some TV models will use passive 3D with the cheaper polarized glasses, The two technologies will have certain advantages and disadvantages Existing 3D Technology Some people might be confused by all this talk of new 3D TVs when they have been watching 3D on their old televisions for years. The difference is that they would have been using the older anaglyphic 3D, or possibly field-sequential DVDs which worked on old CRT televisions. Anaglyphic 3D can be seen on any TV as it is created by displaying a picture with two colour-filtered images super-imposed on each other. When viewed with good old red and cyan lens glasses, a 3D image is seen. However, anaglyphic 3D isnt as accurate as digital frame sequential/polarized 3D, which provide sharper 3D images with more accurate colours. So all the recent talk about 3D TV in the home is referring to new and improved 2010-style frame sequential or polarization 3D. CHAPTER 3 Methodology and Research Design 3.0 Research Methodology The research methodology is the philosophy or the general principal which guide to research. Research methodologies deferent from research method. Research methods are the tools that use to gather data such as questionnaire, interviews, focus Group, Observation, Experiences, and Schedules etc. The research methodology can be categorized based on quantitative research and Qualitative research. The research methodology is used for this study is 3.1 Data Collection Method 3.1.3 Documentation Reviews Other data collection method was Archival documentation. It s a part of secondary data collection method. Archival data was obtained mainly referring journal articles, web articles and text books. Other documentation included organizational charts, policy and procedure documents, Press Releases, and Web Sites. CHAPTER 4 Data Analysis Discussion 4.0 Introduction Data analysis and discussion based on the argument for and against on the thesis topic and where these arguments are supported by several facts which gathered from various sources. 4.1 Facts which are supporting thesis title 4.1.1 High-tech movie experience The greatest buzz at CES (Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas) was elicited by a whole crop of new HDTVs with 3D capabilities. The motion picture industry and the movie theatre chains are increasingly turning to 3D and IMAX as ways to lure audiences into theatres, and the current success of James Cameron s Avatar demonstrates that even in a serious global recession, moviegoers are willing to pay extra for a high-tech movie experience they can t get at home. The new 3D TVs, including the Panasonic TC-PVT25 series that won the Best of CES award this year, promise to provide an in-home 3D experience for only a few hundred dollars more than ordinary HDTVs. In addition, satellite television provider DirectTV announced at CES that it has teamed with Panasonic to create three HD 3D channels, to launch this spring. Working with media partners including NBC Universal and Fox Sports, DirectTV will offer a pay-per-view channel, an on-demand channel, and a free sampler channel, all in 24-hour 3D and compatible with the current generation of sets. Like the original HD offerings in the mid-1990s, which focused on sports events and video from space missions, the new 3D channels will offer existing 3D movies, 3D upgrades of traditional 2D movies, and sports. 4.1.2 High sale on 3DTV As with anything, there are sceptics who are doubting whether 3DTV will take, particularly with the global recession. However, people will always buy what they want and not what they need, and manufacturers are struggling to keep up with the growing demand. Those people who have invested in HDTV sets recently may not want to spend the money to upgrade immediately. However, for those people who havent yet made the leap to HD may want to skip high definition and jump straight to 3D television. Samsung, a big manufacturer of 3D televisions, has forecast a big increase in sales of 3D TVs, estimating they will ship 45-50 million units in the next few years. This company has produced flagship 50 inch models priced as high as $2000. All of the big television manufacturers are releasing 3D TVs in a wide range of format, namely liquid crystal (LCD), light emitting diodes (LED) and plasma display panels (PDP). This has the advantage of providing a wide range of price points for 3D TVs as well as addressing a variety of different preferences. There is a lot of hype surround HD and 3D technology which has sparked the publics interest. This, combined with the huge releases of 3D movies at the cinema, have brought 3D technology to the forefront of the publics attentions. Many people are avidly watching the development of 3D TV and watching the price points waiting for it to become more affordably. However, there are many people to whom the price of the televisions is minimal and theyll find a way to enjoy this new technology in their home to impress their friends and family. Consumers electronics major Sony has an impressive line up of 3D TVs comprising of eight different models which they have made available in Japan and sport a starting price tag of 200,000 yen or about 2,200 dollars for a 40 inch screen sized 3D TV. They also have firmed up plans for the launch of 3D titles for its PlayStation 3 games console. For Akira Shimazu, who is the senior general manager at Sony overseeing the company s 3D projects, 2010 is the year which he believes will be when the immersive viewing experience will finally come of age. In terms of technology, it was impossible for television sets and video players at consumers houses to play back 3D content appropriately, Akira Shimazu, senior general manager at Sony Also, the football World Cup being held in South Africa is the first that has being filmed and broadcast in 3D by Sony at six designated FIFA viewing sites in cities around the world. 4.2 Facts which are not-supporting thesis title 4.2.1. Inconvenience to the viewers The greatest usability issue is the need for viewers to wear glasses. While there are experimental technologies that work without glasses, today if you want to experience high-quality 3D television images you need to wear pricey shutter glasses. Unlike the polarized glasses patrons wear at theatres, shutter glasses respond to signals from the TV, directing alternating frames to alternating eyes. The glasses are expensive only Panasonic is promising to provide a pair with your TV purchase, and additional pairs will run around $50. At least one manufacturer is already offering lighter, more fashionable, more expensive replacement glasses. And wearing special glasses while watching TV at home is not conducive to the average person s lifestyle. As Microsoft exec Aaron Greenberg told GameSpy at CES, when I play games or watch TV, I ve got my phone, I ve got all kinds of things going on I get up, I get down, I m looking outside at the weather I m not in a dark theater, wearing glasses, staring at a screen. You cannot walk around comfortably wearing modern shutter glasses, and just happen to be wearing them when you want to watch TV. Until 3D TVs don t require glasses, consumers are going to have trouble integrating 3D television watching into their lives. The new 3D TVs also suffer from varying levels of picture clarity and a pronounced flicker, although these issues are expected to disappear as the technology improves. More importantly, 3D media demand changes in how movies and television and produced. Right now, only computer animated films are expressly produced with the needs of 3D in mind, producing stunningly realistic depth-of-field and fine gradations of perceived depth. Film and video produced according to the traditional rules of 2D creates flat, paper-thin figures moving in a 3D environment that can appear shallow or truncated. Sports coverage, intended to be a killer app for 3D TV, particularly suffers from these issues, and 3D broadcasts of sporting events may require drastic changes to the technology used on the field. Filmmakers are still learning how to deal with changing depth of focus. In the real world, the viewer chooses unconsciously where to focus their eyes; but in a 3D production this decision is made for the viewer. A plane of focus that appears to constantly shift can give audiences headaches and eye strain. A largely different language of cinema is being developed, to produce content in which 3D is a core component rather than a faddish trinket. 4.2.2 All viewers are unable to grab maximum experience of High-tech movies CNN Tech reports that between 4 and 10 percent of consumers suffer from something called stereo blindness, a sometimes treatable condition that makes it impossible to experience 3D movies or television. This is hardly a deal-killer, but one wonders how the spread of stereo music technology would have been affected if 10% of listeners had not been able to appreciate the difference. Honestly, how 3D will likely establish its foothold in the living room is not with sports or movies, but with video games. Video gamers are already accustomed to buying expensive high-tech peripherals. They are used to content designed for one person, one screen. And when designed properly, 3D does not just add visual excitement to a game, but actually affects and enhances the gameplay itself. So will 3D television lure viewers away from legitimate free Internet video, and from illegally pirated video files? It is too soon to tell. But there is a key difference to this strategy, as compared to some of the previously unsuccessful responses to piracy and the Internet. As with Steve Jobs and the iPod, 3D TV producers are offering consumers something new and exciting that, once the issues are worked out, will enhance their news and entertainment experiences. Rather than treating customers like the enemy, they are approaching customers as customers. And iTunes proves that people are more than willing to pay for their media, as long as they can experience a clear benefit. CHAPTER 5 Summary 5.0 Summary Conclusion It will be interesting to see if this technology really captures the imagination of the consumer, because if it doesnt, then the availability and sale of 3D-enabled hardware will be pretty slow. People are going to need some convincing if they are going to replace most of their home cinema equipment just to get the added benefit of 3D. Having said that, if the response to 3D images is good (and this will be driven initially through 3D movies at the cinema), then it may be that 3D technology is finally here to stay. The ideal technology for the home is autostereoscopic 3D, which doesnt require the wearing of glasses. However, this isnt going to happen any time soon and so at the moment were going to have to get used to putting on our glasses if we are to enjoy the 3D experience. Action 6.0 References * Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jayzn_Johns * http://ezinearticles.com/?3D-TV:-The-Future-Of-Home-Entertainmentid=5279533 * http://good3dtv.com/3d-tv/asian-technology-firms-believe-the-future-is-3d/

Social Constructionism and the Message of Feminism Essay -- Sociology

In this essay I will define social constructionism and how the theories of social construction altered feminism’s message during its second wave. The second wave of the feminist movement started during the 1950’s and is thought to have ended with the failure of the equal rights amendment. The amendment was only three votes shy of being ratified. Prior to this era the first wave of feminism seem to focus mainly on suffrage, a women right to vote and own property. During the second wave era, feminist incorporated the theories of social construction in their message. Social construction is the theory based on the idea that things that are present in our society were created by said society. As it relates to the message of second wave feminism, the biological factors of gender, physical traits, genitalia, hormones and the like, do not determine behaviors, gender roles, social status, and male superiority. Our society forms these conventions. Women during the years before the second wave were being coaxed back into the home. To quote Betty Friedan, â€Å"They were taught to pity the...

Perodua research Essay

Consumer made various decision in their daily life from basic needs to the luxury needs. Their needs include basic physical needs food, clothing, warmth, and safety, social needs for belonging and affection and individual needs for knowledge and self- expression, they are a basic part of human make up. Nowadays, consumers demand for better quality and product knowledge on products of services. The consumer expectations and values are considered in various factors such as benefit and advantage of the products or services before making the buying decisions. The product and service offered from car industry must be fulfill customer‘s demand. The car industry should create various plan and delivering relevant services. Besides that, the car industry should study the customer needs and wants and provide different product to different consumer that will satisfy their need. This research is attempted to identify and analyze the factors that affecting the customer buying decision on ca r and to know what factors may influence their buying decision. 1.1 Local Car Company Perodua Perusahaan Otomobil Kedua Sdn Bhd (PERDUA), Established in 1993, is a joint venture company between Malaysian and Japanese Partners. The shareholders of Perodua are UMW cooperation Sdn. Bhd with 38% stake, Daihatsu Motor co. Ltd (20%) MBM resources Bhd (20%) PNB Equity Resources Corporation Sdn Bhd (10%) , Mitsui &(7%) and Daihatsu ( Malaysia) Sdn Bhd ( 5%). The company started operations in 1994 and the ever so popular Perodua Kancil was introduced to the Malaysian market in August the same year.to date the following vehicles have rolled out of the Perodua plant: †¢ The Perodua Rusa – March 1996 †¢The Perodua Kembara – August 1998 †¢ The Perodua Kenari – June 2000 †¢The Perodua Myvi – May 2005 †¢The Perodua Viva – May 2007 †¢The Perodua Nautica 4 WD – May 2008 †¢The Perodua Alza- November 2009 As of May 2008, Perodua has sold some 1.4 million units of vehicles of various models Perodua Headquarters is located on an 81 Hectare site in  Sungai Choh, Rawang, Selangor Darul Ehsan. It houses among others Perodua Corporate building , R&D testing laboratories and styling studio, vehicle test track , manufacturing plant, engine plant, pre-delivery inspection area, vehicle distribution stockyard and parts ware house. Perodua Auto Corporation Sdn Bhd (PCSB) was established in the final quarter of 2001.Besides Perodua , the two other joint venture partners of PCSB are Daihatsu Motor Co.Ltd and Mitsui & Co.Ltd both Japan. The manufacturing operations of the Perodua Group are being managed by PCSB. The Three active within the group are. Perodua sales Sdn Bhd (PSSB) is responsible for the sales, Marketing and distribution of all Perodua vehicles as well as after sales services and spare parts operations. Perodua Manufacturing Sdn Bhd (PMSB) is the company responsible for the manufacturing of Perodua Vehicles. Perodua Engine Manufacturing Sdn Bhd (PEMSB) undertakes the assembly of vehicle engines and also manufacturing of selected engine component parts operations. Workforce The total Number of manpower of Perodua was over 10,000 staff as of May 2011 Production capacity The plant currently has the capacity to produce 250000 units per annum, on 2 shift cycle. Sales and service Network To the date ,PSSB has 39 sales branches and 140 sales dealers nationwide to serve its customers efficiently .It also has 41 service branches and 120 services outlets throughout Malaysia for customers Convenience. Overseas Perodua vehicles are sold in countries such as the UK,Singapore ,Brunei,Fiji,Nepal and Sri Lanka. 1.2 Research Problem Transportation nowadays can say as a needs for today’s society .The consumer nowadays have different request for their car. The goals for the most Perodua car are to sustain competitive advantages and become or maintain as the market leader. However question as to how one can achieve this still remain despite studies and recommendations are carried out in order to understand consumer buying behavior and ways to improve marketing strategies to move more effectively reach to consumer. Therefore, this research would attempt to identify the factors that influence consumer buying behavior and  to understand whether pricing, quality, design, interest rate and the service after sales have significant contribution to consumer buying decision and the importance of their role affecting the buying behavior. Some people are buying Perodua car and some of them are buying imported car. This study is to find out why people are buying Perodua car and the factors that can influence them to b uy Perodua car. 1.3 Objective of the study The objective of this research is to examine several factors that influencing the consumer buying decision on local car as follow. †¢ To find out whether price influence consumer buying behavior towards Perodua car. †¢To find out whether design of the car will influence consumer buying behavior. †¢To find out whether interest rate of the Perodua car influence consumer buying behavior †¢To find out whether quality of the Perodua car will influence consumer buying behavior †¢To find out whether service after sales will influence consumer buying behavior towards Perodua. 1.4 Scope of the study This study cover how consumer perceive and deciding on purchase their car. The factors and criteria that the consumer will take into considerations when purchasing a car. This study conducted to provide a cleared picture on factors that possible on affecting consumer consumption decision and to find out the least importance factors at consumer in purchasing car. This research suggest that consumer buying behavior can be caused by factors such as price , design of the car, interest rate , Quality and also sales after service. Questionnaire will be conducted and distributed to local car users. Questionnaire will be developed based on the dependent and independent variable which will then be distributed to despondence ( Uses of local car) Questionnaire will be collected for analysis using SPSS to obtain findings. This will be follow by discussion and recommendation relevant to objectives of this study. 1.5 Significance of the study Transportation nowadays has become a need for today’s society . This study will help the Perodua car industry understand how to consumer think, feel , needs and many variable of the purchase decision process. In additional , This paper would consider on the ways that marketers can adapt and improve  their marketing strategies to reach the consumer buying behavior to know the relatively factor that may effect consumer purchasing decision on Perodua car. 1.6 Definition of terms In this study, the factors influencing consumer behavior towards Perodua car such as price, design, quality, interest rate and service after sales. The definition of terms fully understands the topic of discussion in this study of research. 1.6.1 Consumer Consumer is broad label that refers to any individuals or households that use goods Services generated within the economy .The concept of a consumer is used in different context, so that the usage and significance of the term may vary . (From Wikipedia). 1.6.2 Consumer Buying behavior process and physical activity Consumer buying is defined as â€Å"decision making process and physical activity whereby individuals engage in when evaluating, acquiring, using or disposing of goods and service†. ( Sternbock, 2013). It is a subset of human behavior on how they use their resource on consumption related items. The study of consumer behavior allow marketers to understand and predict how consumer are likely to react to various information and environmental cues and able to shape their marketing strategies accordingly. (Leon G. Schiffman & Leslie Lazar Kanuk, Consumer Behavior 2013).It is also concerned with the question of what, why, when, where, how and how often they buy it, 1.6.3. Car An automobile or motor car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor. Most Definitions of the term specify that automobiles are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods. 1.6.4 Price Price in economics and business is the result of an exchange and from that trade we assign a numerical monetary value to a good, service or asset. Price is only part of the information we get from observing and exchange. The other part is the volume of the goods traded per unit time, called the  rate of purchase or sale. From this additional information we understand the extend of the market and the elasticity of the demand and supply. In general terms price is the result of an exchange or transaction that takes place between two parties and refers to what must be given up by one party in order to obtain something offered by another party. 1.6.5 Product design Product design can be defined as the idea generation, concept development, testing and manufacturing or implementation of a physical object or service. Product Designers conceptualize and evaluate ideas, making then tangible through products in more systematic approach. The role of a product designer encompasses many characteristics of the marketing manager, product manager, industrial designer and design engineer. 1.6.6 Interest rate A rate which is charged or paid for the use of money. An interest rate is often expressed as an annual percentage of the principal. It is calculated by dividing the amount of interest by the amount of principal. Interest rates often change as a result of inflation and Federal Reserve policies. 1.6.7 Quality Quality is the standard of something when it is compared to other things such as how good and how the something is. If a product fulfils the customer’s expectations, the customer will be pleased and consider that the product is of acceptable or even high quality. If his or her expectations are not fulfilled, the customer will consider that the product is of low quality this means that the quality of a product may be defined as its ability to fulfil the customer’s needs and expectations. Quality needs to be defined firstly in terms of parameters or characteristics, which vary from product to product. 1.6.8 After sales service Service, which is addressed here, should be an integral part of any company’s export strategy from the start. Properly handled, service can be a foundation for growth. Service is the prompt delivery of the product. It is courteous sales personnel. It is a user or service manual modified to meet your customer’s needs. It is ready access to a service facility. It is knowledgeable, cost – effective maintenance, repair or replacement. 1.7  Summary This report is presented in five chapters. Each chapter is connected to the other and is systematically structured to ensure easier understanding of the research. The first chapter is the introduction of the consumer buying behavior on Perodua car. It include the research problem and the objective and definition of terms are also include to allow better understanding of objectives of the research and terms used in this research .Chapter two is the literature reviews where other literature source are extracted to address the topic of consumer buying behavior on Perodua Car. Chapter three is the discussion of theoretical framework used in this research. This chapter also involved the method of used for collection data and statistical method used to analyze the data. Chapter four is the discussion of the data gathered in this research .this discussions involved in this chapter include the hypotheses testing and evaluation of finding in the research area. Chapter five is the discussion of findings together with the conclusion of this research. This chapter also covers the recommendations of factors that have significant impact and influence the most consumer purchase decision.

Albert Einstein Leadership

Robert Bruce August 10, 2012 Leadership The Accidental Leader Albert Einstein was a world-renowned German-born theoretical physicist. Best known for his theory of relativity and famous equation of E = mc2 the expression of mass-energy equivalence. In 1921 he received the Nobel Prize in Physics â€Å"for his service to Theoretical Physics, and his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect. His numerous contributions to physics include his special theory of relativity, which brought together concepts of mechanics and electromagnetism, and his general theory of relativity, which was intended to extend the principle of relativity to non-uniform motion and to provide a new theory of gravitation. The physics community reveres Einstein; with over three hundred published scientific works and over one hundred and non-scientific works, Einstein’s influence on modern theoretical physics is irrefutable. In a broader sense, he is regarded as one of the most influential people in hu man history.In 1999, he was name Time magazine’s â€Å"Person of the Century†. Einstein became a German citizen in 1914, but showed feelings of being pressured into accepting Germany citizenship by the Academy. There were growing tensions in Germany after World War I towards Jewish people. Albert was not a practicing Jew but faced the same prejudice and injustice Jewish people across Europe would feel under Hitler rule. Einstein’s fears of a Nazi-ruled Germany came to reality in 1933 when Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany.Hitler's administration introduced the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, which removed Jews and politically suspect government employees (including university professors) from their jobs, unless they had demonstrated their loyalty to Germany by serving in World War I. Einstein remained in Berlin until 1933 when he renounced his citizenship and emigrated to America to take the position at Princeton University. M eanwhile, in Germany, a campaign began to eliminate Einstein's work from the German lexicon. Activists published pamphlets and ven textbooks denigrating Einstein, and instructors who taught his theories were blacklisted. Albert’s upbringing and personal life form the foundation of Einstein, the man, the leader, and the genius. Jurgen Neffe sums up Einstein’s childhood with the line, â€Å"A child like Albert, in the view of the German-born American psychoanalyst Erik Erikson, ‘today would be subjected to specialized examination and, perhaps, to treatment. ’ Fortunately Einstein was spared that. † Einstein’s childhood was unique even to the standards of late Nineteenth Century Europe.Young Albert was not pressured into sports and social circles by his parents; instead left to create his own supplementary curriculum and study with his engineer uncle. Einstein had help developing intellectually but that was not the case with social interactions. As Albert grew he kept a childlike way about him except when it came to women. Neffe uses Albert’s love letters extensively to show his fascination with the other sex and derives, â€Å"Einstein’s correspondence with women invariably reveals he regarded [women] almost as playthings. However Neffe neglects to connect Albert’s early successful form of communication to his later dependence on written correspondence. According to Neffe, Albert was very successful with women but not at relationships. Neffe describes his interactions with his two sons and divorced wife as if they were circumstantial, but Albert clearly felt himself a better father and provider if the relationship was on paper. The seclusion Albert was then thrust into because of his divorce allowed him to delve wholly into his work.Albert Einstein’s will to think was engrained in his psyche at an early age. Neffe finds this point to be a singular incident. During this phase, one experience in particular made a â€Å"deep and lasting impression† on Einstein: the day â€Å"my father showed me a compass. † He was surprised that its needle always pointed in the same direction without being touched. â€Å"Something deeply hidden had to be behind things. † The initiation of a genius? The â€Å"miracle† sheds light on the enigma of his uniqueness only up to a point.Nearly every child is amazed at the sight of a quivering compass needle or some other baffling physical phenomenon. As Einstein advances in years he becomes more focused on his work. Albert’s personal studies are the only consistent force in his life and soon encompass his life. Einstein’s obligatory migrations forced him to completely embrace his studies as a defense mechanism. There is a childlike quality that remains present in many men considered geniuses, but fails to connect to Einstein’s upbringing.The focused, isolationist psyche developed in his youth stayed with the man and developed the genius. Neffe describes the genius Albert Einstein’s contributions to science as indispensable. Neffe writes. â€Å"In addition to his contributions to the foundations of modern physics, he also made essential inroads in chemistry, provided the theoretical basis for the development of the laser, and, in his insatiable curiosity, answered questions such as why rivers bend and why the sky is blue. † Einstein’s isolation and devotion to his thoughts allowed him to develop his amazing theories.Neffe describes Einstein’s collaborations with other scientist and students in relation to work but does not fully describe the awkwardness that must have occurred between men of their nature. Einstein was turned down for many teaching positions and only received an honorary PhD. It is evident that every scientist greatly admires the dedication of Einstein to his work. A half-century after Einstein’s death, his theories, and the min d that spawned them, remain as baffling as ever to the public. Neffe offered a valid attempt to explain what created Einstein.He determines the defining moment of Einstein’s life at Nov. 6, 1919, the day when a joint session of Britain’s Royal Society and Royal Astronomical Society announced it had confirmed Einstein’s grandest idea, the general theory of relativity. According to the theory, gravity can generate enough force to bend light. Sir Frank Dyson, the Astronomer Royal, announced that the results left â€Å"no doubt† about the validity of Einstein’s prediction. Years later it was uncovered that the results in fact left considerable doubt, but Einstein’s supporters intuitively felt that the theory must be correct.The Times of London declared the finding â€Å"one of the most momentous, if not the most momentous, pronouncements of human thought. † Within days other media around the world followed. In an instant, Neffe writes, â €Å"Albert Einstein was reborn as legend and myth, idol and icon of an entire era. † Einstein showed his true qualities as a leader preceding and following World War II. Preceding the war, the German-Jew immigrant had the power to write the president, Theodore Roosevelt, urging leadership to begin nuclear weapons research to keep pace with Germany.Einstein’s nuclear theories, formulated for energy production, became the foundation for the work done during the Manhattan Project. Following the war, Einstein had the foresight to see the perils of a nuclear arms race and led the movement to slow nuclear progression. Einstein’s leadership qualities were honored the most when he was offered the Israeli Presidency by the government of Israel. Einstein’s influence was derived from his expert power and conceptual skill. Einstein never set out to be a leader, yet made some of the greatest contributions to the world’s society in history. ——†”———————————- [ 1 ]. Einstein: A Biography. Jurgen Neffe. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007), 22 [ 2 ]. Einstein: A Biography. Jurgen Neffe. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007), 87 [ 3 ]. Einstein: A Biography. Jurgen Neffe. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007), 22 [ 4 ]. Einstein: A Biography. Jurgen Neffe. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007), 151 [ 5 ]. Albert Einstein: A Leader in Science. Glen F. (Gather. com 2008)

Green Card Scheme Essays

Green Card Scheme Essays Green Card Scheme Paper Green Card Scheme Paper Application form Application for residence and work permit under the Greencard scheme Uses This form is to be used when applying for a residence and work permit in Denmark under the Greencard scheme. Your application will be graded using a system that assigns points based on five criteria: Educational level Language skills Work experience Adaptability Age In order to qualify for a residence and work permit issued under the Greencard scheme, you must attain a minimum of 100 points. More information about the point system is available at www. newtodenmark. dk/greencard. Do not use this form if you are currently enrolled in a higher educational program in Denmark and would like to extend your residence permit in order to apply for work after graduation. Please refer to www. newtodenmark. dk/study for more information about Greencards for students who complete a higher educational program in Denmark. This form is for use by citizens of non-EU/EEA countries. Please refer to www. newtodenmark. dk/eu for further information about the rules for citizens of EU countries. How to apply 1. Complete and sign this form (follow the instructions given in the form) 2. Enclose the required documentation (listed below) 3. Submit the application to a Danish diplomatic mission in the country in which you live. If you already reside legally in Denmark, the application can be submitted at the Service Centre of the Immigration Service. : If you live outside the Greater Copenhagen area, you can also submit your application at your local police station Required documents Please enclose the following documents: A copy of your passport (including the cover and all pages with information) Two passport photos Documentation of all higher education (diplomas and transcripts) Declaration from your educational institution confirming the authenticity of your educational documents (should not be enclosed if the education is Danish) Documentation of work experience (declaration from previous employer) Documentation of language skills (diplomas, test results and/or declaration from previous employer) Documentation that you can support yourself during your first year in Denmark. You need to document that you have sufficient funds at your disposal to the equivalent of Danish start aid (starthj? lp) for one year. The monthly start aid amount is (2010 level): DKK 5,267 for individuals under age 25 not living with their parents, DKK 6,351 for single individuals over age 25, DKK 5,267 for married/cohabiting individuals over age 25. Documentation can be e. g. a bank statement in your name. Original documents must be shown to a Danish official Colour copies of foreign educational documents (such as diplomas, transcripts and other statements issued by educational institutions) must be submitted with your application. The original documents must be presented at the Danish embassy, police or the Immigration Service’s main office when submitting your application, where they will be used to certify that the copies are authentic. When processing your application we may require you to send us the original educational documents. Please note that documents not written in Danish, English, German, Norwegian or Swedish must be submitted together with a certified translation in Danish or English. Please also note that Pakistani educational documents must be stamped by the Higher Educational Commission. Are other documents required when submitting an application? Yes, you must present your passport to the immigration authorities. Does it cost anything to submit an application? Yes, if you submit your application to a Danish diplomatic mission (embassy or consulate general) you will normally have to pay a fee. The fee can vary in price. The individual diplomatic mission can also make further demands such as extra passport photos or duplicate copies of the application. We recommend that you check with the requirements on the website of the diplomatic mission in your country before you submit your application. To get the quickest response You can get the quickest possible response to your application if the application forms are completed correctly and the necessary documents are enclosed. Therefore, it is very important that you carefully complete the form and remember to enclose all the necessary documentation. For more information More information about the regulations for Danish residence and work permits and how to fill out the application is available at www. newtodenmark. dk. You can also contact the Immigration Service in writing, by telephone, or in person at our office. (See contact information at the bottom of this page. ) The Danish Immigration Service Ryesgade 53 – DK-2100 Copenhagen O Tel. : +45 35 30 85 56 – Email: [emailprotected] dk www. newtodenmark. dk – Office hours Monday to Friday 9 a. . to 3 p. m. – Service Centre open Monday to Friday 8. 30 a. m. to 12. 00, Thursday also 3. 30 p. m. to 5. 30 p. m. GR1 GR1_en_220410 Application for residence and work permit under the Greencard scheme 1. The applicant Surname PLEASE COMPLETE IN CAPITAL LETTERS Former surname (if applicable) Given name(s) Nationality Former nationality (if applicable) Date of birth (day, month, year) Alien identification number (if applicable) Country of birth CPR number (if applicable) Place of birth (city) 2. Information about the applicant Gender Man Current marital status Unmarried/single Married Divorced Widow(er) Woman PLEASE COMPLETE IN CAPITAL LETTERS Do you have children? Yes Registered partnership No Dissolved registered partnership Your address abroad/in your home country (Street and number) Post code, city and country Telephone number Email address If you are currently in Denmark, please provide the following information: Date of entry into Denmark Address in Denmark (Street and number) Post code and city c/o (name) Telephone number Mobile phone number Email address The Danish Immigration Service Ryesgade 53 – DK-2100 Copenhagen O Tel. : +45 35 30 85 56 – Email: [emailprotected] dk www. newtodenmark. dk – Office hours Monday to Friday 9 a. m. to 3 p. m. – Service Centre open Monday to Friday 8. 30 a. m. to 12. 0, Thursday also 3. 30 p. m. to 5. 30 p. m. Page 2 of 10 GR1 3. Information about the applicant’s passport National passport Passport number Date of expiry Have you been to Denmark before? Other, please state Date of issue In which country was the passport issued? Yes No PLEASE COMPLE TE IN CAPITAL LETTERS If yes, please state where and when ____________________________________________________________ ____ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________ 4. Information about higher education Do you have a higher education equivalent to at least a Bachelor’s degree? PLEASE COMPLETE IN CAPITAL LETTERS Yes No If yes, please enclose the following documents: Documentation of higher education (diplomas and transcripts) Declaration from your educational institution confirming the authenticity of your educational documents (should not be enclosed if the education is Danish). Please note: The declaration should be signed and sealed by a higher authority at the educational institution. The name and contact information of the signing authority must be provided in type writing/print. And provide the following information about your higher education(s): Higher education 1 Name of educational institution Address (Street and number) Post code, city and country Telephone number Email address Web address Main fields of study (specialization) Admission requirements Name of diploma in original language with Latin letters Started – Completed __ __ (Month) __ __ __ __ (Year) __ __ (Month) __ __ __ __ (Year) Nominal length of program (official length including obligatory periods of work practice) ___ Years and Academic title Did the program include a thesis, dissertation or another large project? If yes, please state the following: Title Yes No __ __ Months Number of pages Nominal duration of the project The Danish Immigration Service Ryesgade 53 – DK-2100 Copenhagen O Tel. : +45 35 30 85 56 – Email: [emailprotected] dk www. newtodenmark. dk – Office hours Monday to Friday 9 a. m. to 3 p. m. – Service Centre open Monday to Friday 8. 30 a. m. to 12. 00, Thursday also 3. 30 p. m. to 5. 30 p. m. Page 3 of 10 GR1 Higher education 2 Name of educational institution Address (Street and number) Post code, city and country Telephone number Email address Web address Main fields of study (specialization) Admission requirements Name of diploma in original language with Latin letters Started – Completed __ __ (Month) __ __ __ __ (Year) __ __ (Month) __ __ __ __ (Year) Nominal length of program (official length including obligatory periods of work practice) ____ Years and Academic title Did the program include a thesis, dissertation or another large project? If yes, please state the following: Title Number of pages Nominal duration of the project Yes No ___ ___ Months The Danish Immigration Service Ryesgade 53 – DK-2100 Copenhagen O Tel. : +45 35 30 85 56 – Email: [emailprotected] dk www. newtodenmark. dk – Office hours Monday to Friday 9 a. m. to 3 p. m. Service Centre open Monday to Friday 8. 30 a. m. to 12. 00, Thursday also 3. 30 p. m. to 5. 30 p. m. Page 4 of 10 GR1 5. Information about language skills PLEASE COMPLETE IN CAPITAL LETTERS The following section contains questions about any language exams in Danish, Swedish, Norwegian, English and German you may have taken. Exam results are used as documentation of your language skills. Not all language exams can be used as documentation of your language skills. Please see www. newtodenmark. dk/greencard, for a list of the applicable foreign language exams and their equivalents in Denmark. Have you passed language exams in one or more of the following languages?

English Spelling is Not Total Chaos

English Spelling is Not Total Chaos English Spelling is Not Total Chaos English Spelling is Not Total Chaos By Maeve Maddox Daniels recent fun spelling test got me thinking about English spelling. Google English spelling and youll get 23,300,000 hits. Visit a few of the sites and you will be told how ridiculous, crazy, outrageous, cruel, and in-need-of-reform is English orthography. English spelling is more complicated than that of some other languages, but its not total chaos. The strangest spellings are those of the commonest words, so practice soon familiarizes even young children with the most irregular forms. Overall, there are predictable patterns and rules to guide the spelling of most English words. It would be impossible to cover all the phonetic facts of English spelling in one article, so stand by for a sequence of articles (you can also check the spelling section on TeachingIdeas.co.uk, which sums up most of the rules). For starters, Id like to point out some aspects of the English alphabet that lead to misunderstandings about English orthography. The 26 letters of the English alphabet are insufficient to represent the 44 or so sounds used to speak the English language. Written English has compensated for this lack of letters by inventing extra letters to represent eight consonant sounds and seven vowel sounds that do not have letters of their own. For example, the combination sh does not represent the combined sounds of /s/ and /h/. The sound represented is /sh/, which is the sound heard at the beginning of the word ship. Written English has not just compensated, but overcompensated for its insufficient alphabet. Numerous alternate spellings exist to represent sounds already represented by letters or letter combinations. This overabundance of spellings is a result of Englishs unabashed habit of importing words from other languages. In many instances new words brought along the spelling conventions of the language of origin. Clearly English orthography requires more study than that of other modern languages. Keep in mind, however, that English grammar is simpler than most. You can use the time saved in studying the grammar to learn the spelling system! I hear a lot of people admit to being unable to spell as if it were a genetic defect. I suppose that in a tiny percentage of the population it may be. In general, however, poor spelling is the result of insufficient information. In sum: the English alphabet has 26 letters; spoken English uses 40+ speech sounds; written English makes use of 70 spelling symbols. English spelling is complex, but learning 70 phonograms (sound symbols) and a few rules is a small price to pay for the use of the enormous vocabulary of English. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†"Replacement for" and "replacement of"50+ Words That Describe Animals (Including Humans)

Usher Surname Meaning and Family History

Usher Surname Meaning and Family History Usher is an occupational surname for a servant or courtier who served as an officer of a court to introduce strangers, or usher visitors in and out of meetings in large houses or palaces. It may also have originated as an occupational surname for the under-master of a school or who worked as a gatekeeper. The name derives from the Middle English usher,  Old French ussier, or  huissier, from the Late Latin ustiarius, meaning  door or gate.   Surname Origin:  French,  Irish, English Alternate Surname Spellings:  USSHER, USSIER, HUISSIER Famous People with the USHER Surname James Ussher - 17th-century Archbishop of ArmaghRichard Usher - English clown  and theatre designerAndrew Usher, II  - successful Scottish whiskey distillerDavid Usher -  Ã‚  English-born, Canadian singer songwriter and recording artistHezekiah Usher - first known bookseller in the American colonies Where is the USHER Surname Most Common? The Usher  surname, according to surname distribution information from  Forebears, is most prevalent in the United States, where it ranks as the 4,706th  most common last name. Usher is much more common based on population percentage in Belize, however, where it is the 10th most common surname. It is also found in England, Australia and South Africa. WorldNames PublicProfiler  data indicates  that the Usher surname is somewhat more commonly found in the North of England, as well as in the Midlands region of Ireland, the Northern Territory of Australia, Ontario in Canada, and in the Otorohanga, Stratford, Waimakariri and Taupo districts of New Zealand. Genealogy Resources for the Surname USHER Usher Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as an Usher  family crest or coat of arms for the Usher surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. USHER Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Usher ancestors around the world. Search the forum for posts about your Usher ancestors, or join the forum and post a query about your own Usher ancestors. FamilySearch - USHER  GenealogyExplore over 240,000 results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Usher surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. USHER Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Usher  surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. GeneaNet - Usher RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Usher surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Usher  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Usher  surname from the website of Genealogy Today. Ancestry.com: Usher SurnameExplore over 600,000 digitized records and database entries, including census records, passenger lists, military records, land deeds, probates, wills and other records for the Usher surname on the subscription-based website, Ancestry.com. Usher Surname - GeniRead more about the history of the Usher surname and search for Usher family trees on the genealogy website Geni.com.- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back to  Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Legal Immigrants and their Influence on United States of America Research Paper

Legal Immigrants and their Influence on United States of America - Research Paper Example Economy, Social Security, Culture and Education are four sectors which are being impacted positively by these immigrants. This essay would further provide the advantages of legal immigration to the United States of America. It would also provide with the arguments that the opponents propose in response to the positive impacts that these immigrants bring along with them. Impact on Economy Several studies have been conducted to find out the effect of legal immigrants on the economy of the United States. A report â€Å"Raising the floor for American Workers: The Economic Benefits of Comprehensive Immigration Reform† proposes that if the legal workers are allowed to enter the territory of United States then the GDP of the country can be increased by an estimated $1.5 trillion. The legal immigrants are helping to improve the economy of the United States from a rational perspective. Studies done in different states have showed that the immigrants have paid great amount of taxes to the government and this has improved the economy of the United States. The legal immigrants also work in departments of the United States where the natives do not want to work. These legal immigrants bring skills along with them and work in different sectors. These immigrants take over different jobs and help the economies of scale to build up so that the cost of the production is decrea sed. In other words these immigrants are bringing a positive influence on the whole economy of United States (Immigration Policy Center 2011). Impact on Social Security The impact of immigrants on the social security can only be analyzed if the roots of the system are understood. The Social Security System is a type of system which works to benefit the retirees. The system works on the money which is being received through the taxes paid by the workers. It is here that the role of immigrants comes into play. As the immigrants tend to take up jobs they form an enormous portion of the workforce and hence these immigrants help to pay for the taxes which add up to the social securities. The immigrants enter into the United States when they are the peak of their working years hence these immigrants cannot benefit from the Social Security System for at least three to four decades. However they start paying for the taxes as soon as they take up the jobs which mean that they are providing t he benefits to the retirees. The 2004 Trustees report puts forward that â€Å": â€Å"The cost rate decreases with increasing rates of net immigration because immigration occurs at relatively young ages, thereby increasing the numbers of covered workers earlier than the numbers of beneficiaries† (Trustees Report 2004). The United States of America consists of an ageing population who take benefits from the Social Security System. It is these immigrants who help to cater to the demands of the ageing population of America by providing the taxes to the social security (Fienleb & Warner 2005). Thus it can be said that immigration is greatly helping the social security funds and the ageing population of the United States. Impact on Culture Immigrants are also believed to benefit the culture of

History of Wireless Electricity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of Wireless Electricity - Research Paper Example When Maxwell presented a theory about electro-magnetic theory it stimulated the scientific environment and scientific investigators from all over the world started to look for its experimental proof or authentication. In fact, the scientists and investigators were sure about that it can be survived and achieved in an environment of keen anticipation, strangely encouraging to the response of any proof to this conclusion. Without a doubt, the history of science reveals that ideas and concepts are unpreserved. In fact, every new idea and concept beings improved perspective and understanding of nature and the environment and as a result of this improvement our thoughts and concepts are adapted and improved (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Actually, in the 1891, Dr. Hertz did not present a new theory or an opinion. On the other hand, he just presented his ideas regarding equipment and how it supports to the theory which had already been presented by some other scientists. If we would have taken notice of it then it was not surprising that an electric circuit, processed through an interrupted current, release a wide variety of space signals, however nobody else ever tried to understand their character. So, Dr. Hertz was the first who actually presented a practical authentication that there were transversal signals and waves in the atmosphere. In this scenario, the majority of people considered this thought as his huge achievement. However, in actual fact it can be seen that the eternal value of this theory or idea was not so much in this theory as in the getting the concentration of investigators on the actions are being performed in the ambient means Hence, it gave the Hertz-wave theory a huge importance in the history of wireless energy transmission, in view of the fact that its charming control over the thoughts, had hushed resourceful endeavor in the wireless energy sector as well as retained it for more than twenty-five years (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2 006; Shinohara, 2010). However, in contrast, it does not seem feasible to allow too much for the positive and valuable consequences of the influential motivations that it has given in a number of fields. In fact, with regards to the transmission of signals and wires without using wires, the use of these radiations of this operation was absolutely clear. In addition, many times Dr. Hertz was asked the questions about the feasibility and usefulness of such kind of transmission model, and he never thought so, however in the end he was accurate in his prediction. In this scenario, one of the best ways that someone might have anticipated was a way of transmission of signals and communication like the heliographic and causes to experience the same or even more restrictions (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Figure 1Tesla Tower, Image Source: (Mohammed, Ramasamy, & Shanmuganantham, 2010) It was the spring of 1891 when Dr. Nikola Tesla delivered a presentation using a high freque ncy machine at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) at Columbia College. This demonstration actually formed the basis of an original and hopefully departure. Even though, at that time there had been presented a large number of theories and laws on the subject of electrical resonance, however none of the theory actually focused on experimental and practical authentication of these facts. Hence, it is believed that the experiments performed by Dr. Nikola Tesla are believed to be the first public demonstration

Accounting for Costa Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Accounting for Costa Company - Essay Example expenses 4,500 Property taxes 6,500 Rent 22,000 Operating Income 84,100 1. The case of Costa Company reflects a case having one error in the valuation of closing inventory recorded in the company’s books and one omission of sale transaction. Both types of mistakes made by the company can have significant impact on the true reflection of the company’s financial position. As in the case of incorrect valuation of inventories being overstated has a negative impact on the book value of the company and at the same time it causes costs of goods sold to be understated. The understatement of cost of goods sold has a positive impact on the company’s profitability (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2010). This is often done by managers in order to fictitiously boost the company’s profits in the short term to gain certain financial benefits and later on losses are recorded in books, which would ultimately have a negative effect on shareholders’ value invested in the c ompany. Moreover, companies are often involved in changing methods of inventory valuation i.e. FIFO, LIFO, and Average Costing between accounting periods, which if performed without proper scrutiny could lead to major change in the value of the company’s closing inventory and hence, making the financial statements incorrect reflections of the business position. It is therefore necessary for businesses and regulators to ensure that companies maintain uniformity in the selection and application of the accounting standards. If it is deemed necessary then previous accounts must also be revised to reflect the true position of the company’s business (Fridson & Alvarez, 2011). On the other hand, omissions are regarded as certain transactions or amounts deliberately or non-deliberately left out of the company’s books and no entries are made by the company (Warren, Reeve, & Duchac, 2012). In the case of Costa Company, although the amount of sale transaction was not signi ficantly high, but certain transactions could surely mislead the company’s financial position reported to shareholders. This would cause understate profit of the company and hence, it would affect the equity position of the company which is reported as retained earnings in the company’s balance sheet (Porter & Norton, 2010). 2. From the income statement of Costa Company as prepared above it could be indicated that the company is generating a gross profit of $211,790 which is arrived at after deducting costs of goods sold after making adjustment to the closing inventory value from the company’s revenues, which are also adjusted for the missing transaction of $5,000. This reflects that the company is operating at high gross profit margin of almost 34% in the year 2012. After deducting all operating expenses and property taxes the company has generated a net income of $84,100. This is lesser than before which was recorded without taking into account errors and miss tatements. This indicates that if companies fail to take into business transactions or wrongly value and report an entry then this could lead to falsification of the entire financial statement and incorrect information passed onto shareholders who rely on the financial statements for their decisions (Fridson & Alvarez, 2011). This reflects that the company has a net profit margin of 13.5%. All these indicators reflect that the company is a profitable entity and shareholders can expect good returns on their investments in the company. 3. Costa Company 31-Dec-12 Balance Sheet Current Assets Accounts receivable 18,000 Cash 41,500 Inventory

Two legal codes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Two legal codes - Essay Example The law code which was improved to benefit the Roman subjects a few years later came to be known as the Lex Romana Burgundinum. This paper will analyze the two law codes and will focus on their similarities and differences. The Hammurabi law code was based on the presumption of innocence and gives both the accuser and the accused to provide evidence. This is evident in several parts of the code. For example, the third law states, â€Å"If any one bring an accusation of any crime before the elders, and does not prove what he has charged, he shall, if it be a capital offense charged, be put to death† (fordham.edu par. 65). Another example of the code’s presumption of innocence is in the eleventh law that states, â€Å"If the owner do not bring witnesses to identify the lost article, he is an evil-doer, he has traduced, and shall be put to death† (fordham.edu par. 65). Apart from the presumption of innocence, the Hammurabi law code had strength in that it considered evidence an important part of judgment. This is evident in many of the laws one of which is the tenth law that states, If the purchaser does not bring the merchant and the witnesses before whom he bought the article, but its owner bring witnesses who identify it, then the buyer is the thief and shall be put to death, and the owner receives the lost article. (fordham.edu par. 65). The Hammurabi law code characteristically is associated with harsh punishments for those found at fault. In many cases, the death penalty is applied for crimes that would otherwise be punished through less punitive measures. For example, the 11th law dictates that failure to bring a witness when one is claiming for an article is punishable by death. To a great extent, the code was based on the notion of an eye for an eye. In several instants, the law demands payments or retribution in compensation for actions committed by a person against another. One example of this is the 200th law that states, â€Å"If a

Can the President persuade The Supreme Court to support his policy Essay

Can the President persuade The Supreme Court to support his policy positions - Essay Example ping part of the President is paradoxical since Americans take pleasure in the fact that America is a government of laws and no one in its constitutional system, not even the President, is above the law. The fact that the President is at the same time dependent on constitutional law and is a creator of constitutional law of course creates unease and problems. Government lawyers, and principally the Solicitor General of the USA, are unavoidably caught up in the conflicts produced by the Presidents tentative association with the Supreme Court. However, scholars have suggested three normative theories how government lawyers, especially the Solicitor General, should determine the Presidents and the Courts sharply contrasting constitutional outlooks. Of course, some claim that government lawyers ought to take their lead from the President (See McGinnis, 1992)1, others believe they must take their lead from the Court (See Caplan, 1987)2, and still others, such as former Solicitor General Charles Fried, that they should act as partly independent Burkean representatives "elected" by the President to "represent" him before the Court (See Fried, 1991)3. The thorny relationship between the President and the Supreme Court concerning the development of constitutional law has different consequences for different individuals who happen to be government lawyers at any given point in time. A major principle of US constitutional system is that the President and his colleagues are conditional on the same laws that bind typical private citizens. The Constitution itself assumes as much since it requires the President to "preserve, protect and defend the Constitution" (U.S. Const. art. II, 1, cl. 7)4 and to "take [c]are that the [l]aws be faithfully executed" (U.S. Const. art. II, 3)5. In addition, the Constitution authorizes the trial of all executive branch officials, except possibly for the President, and even he can be impeached after leaving office. In the Steel Seizure Case

Accounting - breakeven analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Accounting - breakeven analysis - Essay Example Thus this analysis becomes quite useful in calculating the profit, loss and the break-even point at different sales levels and also helps managers and analysts to calculate the number of units that need to be sold in order to recover the product’s production costs. Break-even analysis is also very useful for small businesses because it can help the owner or the manager of the business to assess the change in prices of the products being sold or a decrease or increase in the costs which have a direct effect on the breakeven analysis and the profitability of the small business. The break-even analysis is especially useful when deciding order quantities or when making pricing decisions. It allows the firm to be able to set a price which shall help it maximize its margin of safety. Break-even analysis also influences marketing decisions. The firm can set a desired profit level which it hopes to achieve within a particular period and then, with the help of the break-even analysis, identify the number of units that need to be sold in order to achieve the desired level of profitability and direct its marketing efforts in order to achieve these sales levels. Break-even analysis can also help the small business owners in making crucial decision like hir ing or firing employees or maybe expanding the business to gain greater market share and help increase the company’s profitability. It can also help the owner in deciding in whether to purchase additional machinery or equipment for the business. Since it projects fixed costs and variable costs separately as well as together, business owners can take the help of this analysis when making critical decisions such as those relating to capital expenditure. Break-even analysis model is very simple to use as the user of this model can easily change the inputs to compute the break-even point. For example if an owner predicts that in the next month the variable cost will increase by 5% so, the owner can easily use this model and see how many more units need to be sold to reach the break-even point for the next month. Similarly is the case with an increase in Rent, which increases the fixed cost. Hence the owner, keeping price and variable costs constant, can predict the number of unit s needed to be sold if there is an increase in the fixed cost of the business. Alternatively, the break-even analysis can be used to identify rising costs and help the management in deciding how to cut down on variable or fixed costs. There are however a few flaws to the break-even analysis. Break-even analysis is only useful to a certain extent as it assumes that all outputs produced in a period are sold which may not be the case in real-life situations. The break-even model is also very simplistic in nature and considers all inputs constant which may not be the case in the real world. However, the break-even model has some assumptions which make it less accurate in determining the break-even quantity. It assumes that the selling price and the variable cost will remain constant. However, for small businesses this rarely happens. So, we then use the average selling price which

Can the President persuade The Supreme Court to support his policy Essay

Can the President persuade The Supreme Court to support his policy positions - Essay Example ping part of the President is paradoxical since Americans take pleasure in the fact that America is a government of laws and no one in its constitutional system, not even the President, is above the law. The fact that the President is at the same time dependent on constitutional law and is a creator of constitutional law of course creates unease and problems. Government lawyers, and principally the Solicitor General of the USA, are unavoidably caught up in the conflicts produced by the Presidents tentative association with the Supreme Court. However, scholars have suggested three normative theories how government lawyers, especially the Solicitor General, should determine the Presidents and the Courts sharply contrasting constitutional outlooks. Of course, some claim that government lawyers ought to take their lead from the President (See McGinnis, 1992)1, others believe they must take their lead from the Court (See Caplan, 1987)2, and still others, such as former Solicitor General Charles Fried, that they should act as partly independent Burkean representatives "elected" by the President to "represent" him before the Court (See Fried, 1991)3. The thorny relationship between the President and the Supreme Court concerning the development of constitutional law has different consequences for different individuals who happen to be government lawyers at any given point in time. A major principle of US constitutional system is that the President and his colleagues are conditional on the same laws that bind typical private citizens. The Constitution itself assumes as much since it requires the President to "preserve, protect and defend the Constitution" (U.S. Const. art. II, 1, cl. 7)4 and to "take [c]are that the [l]aws be faithfully executed" (U.S. Const. art. II, 3)5. In addition, the Constitution authorizes the trial of all executive branch officials, except possibly for the President, and even he can be impeached after leaving office. In the Steel Seizure Case

Securing and Protecting Information Essay Example for Free

Securing and Protecting Information Essay The specific purpose of this paper is to describe the authentication process and to describe how this and other information security considerations will affect the design and development process for new information systems. The authentication process is a necessity for safeguarding systems against various forms of security threats, such as password-cracking tools, brute-force or wordbook attacks, abuse of system access rights, impersonation of attested users, and last but not least reply attacks just to name a few. In addition, it is imperative that authentication policies are interchangeable with the organizations in which information is being exchanged if resources are being shared between alternative organizations. Authentication in definition is simply proof that something is real or what it is meant to be. Public networks as well as private networks to include the internet use passwords as authentication to authorize logins. Data is required and is filtered through the password database if an effort to ensure that the user is authentic. Also, before anyone is allowed to access an organization’s intranet they must first be registered by someone that has the appropriate credentials to authorize them to gain access. There are plenty of businesses and alternative in the need of additional authentication methods and one method worthy of mentioning is the utilization of digital certificates issued and verified by a Certificate Authority or as commonly used the acronym CA. This process includes the creation of a strong password and an account lockout policy is created, logon hours are assigned, a ticket expiration policy is created, and clock synchronization tolerance to prevent replay attacks is set just to name some of what this process consist of. There are some things that must be taken into  consideration when a new system is design. Securing and Protecting Information When a team is appointed to designs a new system, that team must understand that all systems are not the same and that they all have their own unique attributes in their own way but the thought process must be the same in regards to security. It is quite challenging to insure that the application integration setting functions properly in a way that does not compromise the security needs. Security is especially necessary in applications that require systems in a company to be streamlined. Integration services might lead to security breaches because of the integrated systems and the holes that may exist during the integration process. To try to alleviate this from occurring, data security should be integrated into the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) from its beginning phase. This focuses directly on the knowledge security sections of the Syetsm Development Life Cycle. First, an outline of the key security roles and responsibilities should be addressed to insure that everyone involved knows what is expected. Second, ample data concerning the System Development Life Cycle is provided to permit anyone who is unfamiliar with the System Development Life Cycle method in order that they may grasp the connection between data security and also the System Development Life Cycle There are several ways exist that could be employed by a corporation to effectively develop a data system. A conventional System Development Life Cycle is known as a linear sequent model. The linear sequent model assumes that the systems are going to be delivered at a point near the top of its life cycle. Another SDLC technique uses the prototyping model that is commonly accustomed to development and understanding of a system’s needs while not really developing a final operational system. Complicated systems need continuous additional constant development models. Securing and Protecting Information Information system policies address security threats that may be harmful to a company. Sadly, there is no way to alleviate the numerous amounts of threats that haunt networks and computers worldwide. The foundation and framework for choosing and implementing countermeasures against them are very important. A written policy is vital in helping to  insure that everyone within the organization understands and behaves in an appropriate manner with regards to the fact that sensitive data and the security of software should be kept safe. When a security policy is developed, it should be well defined and the information in it should be clear and plainly understand and the objectives should be well defined so that there will be no confusion. Conversely, a data system with security policies is probably going to have an assortment of countermeasures that address a range of threats. Policies, standards, guidelines, and coaching materials that are known to be obsolete and not enforced could be dangerous to a corporation due to the data being outdated. As a result, management is basically drawn into thinking that security policies do exist within the organization when actually that is not the case. Counter measures which are outdated does not do an organization any good because without the appropriate patches in place, the organization’s network could have holes which would leave them extremely vulnerable. All organizations need to be compelled to actively put their security systems to the test and in addition they could even go as far as hiring an outside firm to ping the system to see if any holes appear that could leave the company’s system vulnerable. Of course there are preventive roles and measures that could and should be taken. Data security should be a crucial area of concern for small business owners. Knowledge of security compliance is no longer merely an area of financial concern Securing and Protecting Information As more and more data moves out of the file cabinet and into the electronic space, Information Technology departments will play an integral role in complying with all of the security policies. Once you take into account all the necessary information stored from economic records to customers data, it is not difficult to discover why only a single breach could seriously affect a business. With a number of basic steps and a few sensible on-line habits, youll prevent yourself from turning into simply another victim of cyber crime. (Ratha, Connell, Bolle, 2001) Some of the preventive roles and measures mentioned above are as follows: implementing sturdy strong passwords, use a mixture of capital and lower-case letters, symbols, and numbers and create it eight to twelve characters long, acquire  anti-virus/anti-malware software package, and last but not least, ensure your personal computer (PC) is properly patched and updated. It is important to mention that there is very little purpose in installing a very effective software package if it is not going to be properly maintained. As Watchinski explains, â€Å"while applications arent 100% fool-proofs, its necessary to frequently update these tools to assist in keeping users safe. It is also worthy of mentioning that scheduling regular backups to AN external drive, or within the cloud, may be painless thanks to make sure that all of your knowledge is kept safely. It must also be mentioned that it is not uncommon for an unsuspecting worker to click on a link or transfer an attachment that they believe is harmless just to realize later that the link contained malicious software that has compromised the company’s network. It is extremely important to teach your staff to practice safe on-line habits and beieing proactive with defense is crucial. Employees have a crucial role to play to keep your business and its knowledge secure. Securing and Protecting Information To touch on systems and devices in reference to security, security refers to providing a protection system to ADPS resources such as the central processor, memory, disk, software package programs, and most significantly data/information keep within the ADPS. As a part of the data systems security management, there are square measures peripheral devices installed so that the regulated community so to speak will listen. These peripheral devices will create an unseen threat (insider/third party threat). (Workman, Bommer, Straub, 2008) There are certain devices that appear to be harmless but could prove to cause issues such as USB devices (commonly known as flash/thumb drives), USB patch cords with mini/micro connectors, and Electronic notebooks just to name a few. In conclusion, security authentication is extremely necessary and relevant in the protection of an organization’s information. References CMGT/400-Intro to Information Assurance and Security DArcy, J., Hovav, A., Galletta, D. (2009). User awareness of security countermeasures and its impact on information systems misuse: a deterrence approach. Information Systems Research, 20(1), 79-98 Myers, J. G. (1997). Simple authentication and security layer (SASL). Zhu, J., Ma, J. (2004). A new authentication scheme with anonymity for wireless environments. Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, 50(1), 231- Sandhu, R., Samarati, P. (1996). Authentication, access control, and audit. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 28(1), 241-243. Rocha Flores, Waldo, Egil Antonsen, and Mathias Ekstedt. Information security knowledge sharing in organizations: Investigating the effect of behavioral information security governance and national culture, Computers Security, 2014.

Apply Bourdieus Work On Fields

Apply Bourdieus Work On Fields Cultural artefact has recently become the main study within the sociology department, due to the research sociological interest in fashion is increasing. Cultural artefact is the influence that is produced through our unawareness responses and attitudes toward the society. Hence fashion is important resource that illustrates the reflection of the current society or the era, at the same time individuals form and create their personal aspects of unique identity. Through this context, Crane (2000) who studied the social role in fashion states the fascination of the subject where one interprets their purpose about specific form of culture through clothing. In fact, appropriate appearance was the common powerful example of manifestation at point of time. Furthermore, style of clothing or fashion is the indication of the social status and gender, which strongly influences either maintaining or breaking down the symbolic boundaries. According to Bourdieu, societies reinforce their distance or differentiate themselves from other classes through tastes, which is determined and maintained by the dominant of symbolic hierarchy. Thus, taste becomes social ammunition that defines and retrains cultural objects; legitimate from the illegitimate, hence, in the lights of taste formation of fashion, this would be high fashion from the mass fashion (Bourdieu, 1995). This essay focuses on to explain Bourdieus theory of consumer taste and formation where fashion is applied strategically. Finkelstein notes that fashion is an organisation of knowledge based on restricted access to goods and services (Finkelstein, 1998:80), and that the ability to recognize the fashionable reflects an actors cultural capital. This is illustrated perfectly in the work of Joanne Entwistle and Agnà ¨s Rocamora, The Field of Fashion Materialized: A Study of London Fashion Week which has aided me greatly in exemplifying Bourdieus key concepts of the field, capital and habitus in amplifying our consumer preferences in fashion. In this essay, I will attempt to clearly define the concept of field, habitus and capital and how these concepts are used to understand the social phenomena particular to fashion. Bourdieus theory is in continuous subject of interest, which is characterised by the cultural reproduction or cultural capital. Especially, it is evaluated that his forms of capital has brought a fundamental shift through bridging Marxists distinction of class with Webers cultural status to his theory. Bourdieu has distinguished that within the competitive society, the forms of capital are classified as implements according to various activities. Hence important concept introduced by Bourdieu is that of capital, which he encompasses beyond the notion of material assets to capital that may be social, cultural or symbolic (Bourdieu 1986: cited in Navarro 2006: 16). The period from material to cultural and the symbolic forms of capital is the majority, which conceal the foundation of inequality. Furthermore, Bourdieu states that there are three crucial mechanisms in the forms of capital in class reproduction. Thus economic capital, the foundation of the structural class and based on thi s creation and standing in the invariable condition, will provide the cultural capital and social capital to convert into economic capital. Cultural capital and the means by which it is created or transferred from other forms of capital plays a central role in societal power relations, as this provides the means for a non-economic form of domination and hierarchy, as classes distinguish themselves through taste (Gaventa 2003: 6). The most important contribution and emphasis in Bourdieus capital awareness is an ability to distinguish the capital which could not be captured with only economic capital in the reproducing mechanism of social class. These forms of capital are equally significant, and can be accumulated and transferred from one arena to another (Navarro 2006: 17). Bourdieu stresses the common feature of the cultural and social capital, which is used without distinguishing them. Due to the following reasons, two types of capitals are applied strongly as the mechanism of the production, where the social justice was approved. First of all, to be able to possess these two capitals requires long-term investment; therefore people who are attempting to raise their class may experience difficulty in overcoming these obstacles. Secondly, unlike economic capital, it is difficult to qualify and for the social members to recognise the role of their capital visualisation within the social production. Therefore, the possessions of the cultural / social capital are related to the ability of generating the diversion in the social status and cultural preferences in the large community, which by all means fashion. Fashion itself states ones social class, which strongly relates to Bourdieus idea of social capitalism. fashion is treated as a cultural subject, in which most emphasis is on fashion as a badge or a means of identity. (P. Braham, 1997, p.121) However, relationship between class and fashion can be divided in two opinions, agreeing to emphasis correspondence view to disagreeing, in terms of preferences in clothing and fashion is symbolically expressed to differentiate the status of class. In addition, looking through Bourdieus concept of capital, there are two theories, which apply with the correspondence of emphasising the association between class and fashion. One focused on the relation with economic capital and fashion, the other being the cultural capital and fashion. Furthermore, the opposing views signify the connection between different characteristics other than class to fashion. Within the significance of focusing the relationship between fashion and economic capital to class and fashion, there is a common concept by Simmel known as the Trickle Down theory, which illustrates the clothing act and fashion. Simmel perceived fashion as the product, which the economic capital is the foundation of structural class. He also at the time identified the Paris fashion as the dynamic interclass mimicry and desire of many kinds. Since the lower class continuously mimic the upper class, the upper classes are in need to search for the new mode to differ from others. Thus, according to Simmel (1997), fashion can be seen faddish, however, the flow of the communication from top to bottom is considered to be persistent. Moreover, after the WWI, the aesthetics of functional ready-to-wear products were introduced; hence the opposing of the top to bottom flow became the movement of Western fashion history. Veblens conspicuous consumption model is in attention with the itemised consumption within the fashion, which is idealised with the revelation of individuals economical capital. His work on The theory of the leisure class (1899-1983) introduces the first response of conspicuous consumption as the development of criticising an idea for the Americas capital concept in profligacy. Veblens states the ones reputation is represented by the ownership and conspicuousness, which provokes jealousy and symbolises the level of wealth within the group. Furthermore, the typical variation are established in upper-class, for example, ones idleness of spending inconvenient production of time, sophisticated preferences, manners, lifestyle, and so on. All of the above examples are the necessity of time and expenses shown through the economic capital to symbolise ones ability and status. Conspicuous consumption of valuable goods is a means of reputability to the gentlemen of leisure. (Veblen, 1899/1983) Veblen argues different view on accepting the class of trend to Simmel. Thus, opposing to accepting new style in order to expose the indication of the discrimination between the lower-class to the community who aims to raise their social standing, the group of society in foundation to inherit the stabilised high status has relatively low tendency of interest in the latest fashion. These analyses has provided with the evidence of peoples motivation on accepting fashion. This leads to Bourdieus primary idea of Habitus; the text La Distinction demonstrates the manifestation of habitus. Habitus is considered as one of Bourdieus most influential concept in his studies. The concept refers to our physical action such as, habits, characteristics, and abilities that we acquire throughout our life experiences which the idea is based on the cultural capital. In addition, it can also be seen as the structure, which is produced by through our thoughts and movement. This in turn, creates our exter nal social world and structured by the social world. Therefore, habitus can be seen as the collective individuated, through the biological individual. Furthermore, habitus can be similar within groups of people; hence seen as a collective phenomenon. Habitus in fashion can be considered as style, it is depended on ones characteristic, the era of the society, and ones social status. This again is emphasised in forms of capital where, without money these types of forms will not exist. To explain the idea of habitus Bourdieu frequently uses the metaphor from the sports feel for the game. Meaning although our body and mind are constantly reminded of our surrounding, without having to consciously acknowledging it, each individuals has an embodied kind of feeling of the social positions of themselves. Habitus can also be counted as taste for the cultural items such as fashion, art, food and lifestyle. Adapting this into fashion is reasonably obvious, by observing peoples taste in fashion; others are able to identify the mode at the time and also their characteristic, as nowadays individuals use fashion products to reveal their selves. Accordingly, Bourdieu focuses on French society, where all the above cultural items are considered as social class positions. He strongly argues that the artistic sensibilities are surrounded by habitus. For example, the upper-class individuals are able to enjoy the rich culture without any limit compared to others, as they are exposed t o the culture since the young age and this becomes their lifestyle unconsciously. Whereas the working-class are too busy and have limited access to the high art, therefore, they are unaware of such lifestyle. Hence, Bourdieus saying feel for the game cannot be applied to the working-class, as they are not culturally developed and is unaware of the game. This same rule also applies in fashion, only the upper-classes are flooded with pre-shows and various kinds of information about trends. After filtering through the designer wears / brands, it trickles down to the street fashion, which then the working-class have chance to view and follow on with less price. However, the unconscious minds of the working-class have strong need to follow the fashion and tends to over spend on things they do not need, they will never be able to feel and experience same way as the upper-class, therefore their demands are higher and cannot see the bigger picture. These kinds of inequality are mistakenly b elieved that some are born with finer things in their life compare to others; therefore this is where the middle-class appears. Middle-class society; the new money are introduced to guide the working-class to the better life. Nonetheless, although the middle-class may be wealthier than the working-class, their demands in consuming goods are higher than the upper-class. Before the middle-class was created, the high demands of the working-class was not much, as they were busy with their life and had limitation with their spending from the income. However, when the new money society arrived, they were stuck in between, they hope for the high culture social position, as well as having to work hard to stabilise their lifestyle. Therefore, they are However according to Navarro Habitus is not fixed or permanent, and can be changed under unexpected situations or over a long historical period (Navarro, 2006, p.16) A third concept that is important in Bourdieus theory is the idea of fields, which are the various social and institutional arenas in which people express and reproduce their dispositions, and where they compete for the distribution of different kinds of capital (Gaventa 2003: 6). A field is a network, structure or set of relationships which may be intellectual, religious, educational, cultural, etc. (Navarro 2006: 18). People often experience power differently depending which field they are in at a given moment (Gaventa 2003: 6), so context and environment are key influences on habitus: While Bourdieu is concerned to pay attention to both struc-ture and practice, his field theory errs too much in the direction of a struc-turalist analysis that neglects to fully document the ways in which fields are reproduced through the enactments of agents in daily practice and localized set-tings (Crossley, 2004). The world we live in is divided up by various kinds of fields. A field is considered as an organised production of characteristic of the social status, which influences the social situation for the society. However, this so-called arrangement and the association with objective status are fixed in forms of capital. Nonetheless the significance of the form of capital lies within the field. In other words capital is applied to ensure the position of the agent clear in its field. Hence in the society, the predominant in terms of field is considered as the social status. The social statuses are depended on money, which also plays a major part in the form of capital. The source is able to gain its power and influence by using the capital in certain fields. Therefore, the relation between habitus, fields and capital are the transitional source. Bourdieu believe that the social world is divided into various fields within every event and subjects, and within those small communities they hold their own set of rules, understanding and forms of capital. Despite the fact that some types of fields may have something in common, Bourdieu distinguishes each type of field as being independent from others. For example, fashion has countless fields; hence, each brand has their uniqueness and there are countless fashion brands which hold relatively similar products. However, although they may have similar designs people undertake those point of view as each brands interpretation of the common. Likewise, Bourdieus idea of field lies within these type of division. Although each field holds their own sets of beliefs it is the inevitable fact that they may have something in common, and within those area some field may suffer from loosing competition with other related fields. It is inevitable cycle that goes around any type of field, for ins tance field of fashion, each generation of designers and producers are required to overturn the well-known artists who came before them. Nonetheless, this cycle continues only to be evaluated by the next new generations of avant-garde who also may believe themselves as unique and powerful, therefore this cannot be redeem in any kind of sense. It can be considered as a fact rather than a cycle, this continues competition to win and survive in each field one belongs to, this idea of cycle or fact is crucial. As Boyne (1993: 248) argues, field is a macro-structural concept, which allowed us to capture the role and socio-temporal orchestration of the event. Thus, in bringing together the field participants into one spatially and temporally bounded event, LFW renders visible, through its orchestration, wider field characteristics, such as field boundaries, positions, position taking, and habitus. This rendering of the field is the key to understanding LFW as a critical moment in the life of the field as a whole. Despite its ostensible aim to simply showcase next seasons fashionable clothing, reproduce and legitimate the field of fashion and the positions of those players within it. The positions of the agents in the field are determined by the amount and weight of the capitals they have. Field are simultaneously spaces of conflict and competition as agents compete to gain a monopoly in the species of capital that most effective in the particular field. For instance agents in the field of fashion, may use social and economic capital to gain a monopoly on theà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Bourdiu him self conceptualizes field as being more like magnetic fields. These varieties of field each have its own internal logic and regulatory principles govern the game on the field. The most important field though is the field of power. The hierarchy of the power relationship within the political field serves to structure all the other fields. Society then assembled of relatively autonomous sphere of play that cannot be collapsed under any overall social logic, like capitalism, modernity or postmodernity. The very shape and division of it becomes a central stake to the agents. Altering the distribution and relative weight of the different forms of capital within a field become ten a mount to modifying structure of the field. Therefore fields have historical dynamism about them to have merely ability that avoids the determinism of the classical structuralism. Bourdieus theory of capitals, habitus, and fields exist in many form of category in society. However, these types of theories rely on the social status, and by adapting this theory in fashion illustrates that majority of mode relies on money and upper class society. Without, upper classs experience and adventure in establishing mode, others would not have high chance in experiencing the minimum. This is shown through peoples taste in fashion. Fashion has now become key item to reveal ones character and social status. Bourdieus form of capital illustrates ones identity and their social status, habitus is considered as the unconscious mind revealing itself through style. Fields shows the division of social class. Bourdieu (1980) accounts for the tensions and contradictions that arise when people encounter and are challenged by different contexts. His theory can be used to explain how people can resist power and domination in one [field] and express complicity in another (Moncrieffe 2006: 37)