Indo European Folktales Study guide

Wide geological gathering with a typical etymological foundation William Jones established that Sanskrit was pay to Alan and Greek Proto-London European : no genuine verification this gathering of individuals existed Folklore Colloquial definition: is a folktale valid or not? Insightful definition: how does a story mirror the traditions or estimations of a people Precursors to the Grimm Anne Sexton connection to the Grams Snow White †Anne Sexton Focus: female magnificence Mirror theme Superficial male want †ladies is an object of excellence, man knows nothing else about her Mother-girl conflictQueen Is losing excellence with her age, Jealous of Snow White since Snow White Is turning out to be increasingly lovely Happy completion Snow White is made to seem as though a china doll † she Is excellent outwardly yet void on the Inside, an article to be seen Similarities Real topic Issues/topics are comparative Differences Narrative viewpoint †Anne Sexton utilizes †Å"l† and Identifies herself as a middle age witch She evaluated man controlled society †addressed a contemporary New England crowd New Issues/topic † she addressed a contemporary crowd, she discloses to her stories In present day structure applying them to the present society Angela CarterThe Bloody Chamber and Other Stories Rewrote a portion of the Blueberry stories She needed to concentrate on the wants/contemplations of ladies Believed ladies could show they had influence Not sentimental (rather than Anne Sexton who was progressively sentimental) Wrote â€Å"Tiger's Bride† dependent on the Beauty and the Beast and Tigers Bride (blended stories) Her Version of Tigers Bride Narrative point of view: included musings of Characters Bride †transitioning Father †terrible dad, bets everything ceaselessly Tiger †monster figure †not certain what Hess Like on the Inside Father sells her In a round of cards, brute simply needs to see her exposed He gives her his stuff and there are sexual experiences (since she turned on by the creature inside him and he drew out the creature in her) Themes of the story: social limitations, repression, code of respect that confined ladies, dismissing male centric culture, freedom of ladies (woman's rights), she doesn't go to spare her dad Regular rendition of Tiger's Bride Enemy of male centric society Patriarchy Ideals of the compliant spouse Western Tradition Wives submit themselves to beneficiary husband, husband is the leader of the wife and friend in need of her body Russian society The man is the head however the lady is the neck, the head will follow the neck where it turns Less man centric than western culture Wish Tales, all the Wives stories advance man centric culture Women's wants are nonsensical Female dangers to male centric society Pride (cleverness) Insatiable and silly want Disobedience Women are continually doing something contrary to what ought to be done Memento moor Remin der placed into canvases that you will inevitably bite the dust Ex: a blowout, everybody is having a great time, in an artwork, and a skull or crossbones as an update you are going to kick the bucket Death stories †tokens of death Deaths errand people Mourning A characteristic procedure, Just pain when all is said in done Have a type of service where we can externalities the despondency Monument Tale: the Mustard SeedMelancholy Initialization of distress Don't dispose of it Tale: The Place Where There Are No Graves Ate the dead bodies †actually disguised passing Parody Humorous/mocking impersonation Blatant disparities Criticizes unique Sheer Objects of Parody Disney Moral structure, innovation, family structures, Americanization Fairy Tales Ideals of Beauty Methods of Parody Pop culture references Irrelevant and unrefined diversion Problems with Parody No option offered Must depend on what it derides American Dream Used music and shading just because Made promulgation dur ing WI for the US Disney's Reworking of Fairy Tales Challenges: Length Objectionable topic Moral cloudiness Its difficult to transform a fantasy into a movie on the grounds that the fantasies are short, there's insufficient material, indistinct now and again and a few things are wrong Disney Formula Disney took oral stories Clear structure of good and malevolence Heightened sentiment Omits a ton of the savagery Romance replaces sex Clear characterized esteem framework Gender jobs are conventional Cultural generalizations Technology and structure Technology as a subject: enchantment Visual components vs†¦ He text Genre Hollywood melodic Characterization Formulaic nineteenth Century Melodrama Innocent Heroine Gallant Hero Evil Villain Minor Characters Secondary wives, creatures, dwarves, sidekicks for basic alleviation Family Structures Absent moms Absent or bumbling dads Americanization Democratic Protagonists are largely youngsters Domestic/agreeable job of ladies Rags to wealt h with individual inventiveness Made fun of honorability †especially American No immediate brutality between people †rather lifeless things (candles) or creatures Sublimation of Violence Irony Cinderella †viciousness between creatures rather than people Royal Dahl Skipping foundation and investigation because of time imperatives Verse structure Plot to some degree not the same as unique yet at the same time similarModern subtleties not from antiquated past †fit into current society Tales connected together in a fantasy world Fairy story crowd †what kids need to hear, didn't take out a significant part of the savagery or rough stuff Woman as a casualty †ridiculing this and gives his story a women's activist contort, ladies have a feeling of influence Techniques of spoof Form and style †rhyme with grown-up kind of funniness, utilizes a ton of slang, accentuates the distinction between stories at that point and now Characters and plot make us see the inconsistence in the first story Know his adaptation of Little Red riding Hood Gilles De Raise A blueberry figure Murdered kids Gunman the Accursed Historical reason for the blueberry character Murdered a few of his past wives and his fourth wife found the body chamber Real occasion Fourth wife was Saint Therein Saint Therein (see above) Jane Champion (the Piano) Had a blue channel on her piano The lady was quiet and just utilized the piano as a way to impart Her better half (a blueberry character) slashed off her fingers so she was unable to convey Margaret of Invader (the Heptathlon) Queen of Invader Defender of notable humanists and a few writers in her composing Important figure in her time Story speaks to husband excusing herRenaissance culture The Heptathlon Adulteress discipline Pretty high up in French respectability Progressive for her day Giovanni Vacation (The Dodecahedron) Philosophies Poetry of the individuals Everyday individuals are near nature and the occasions in th e past than the privileged Simplicity and legitimacy Tales are something natural Monogenic One birthplace of the accounts and afterward varieties emerged from that one variant Polynesia Multiple starting points of a similar sort of story in light of the fact that similar individuals are experiencing comparable encounters in better places Carol Jung †Archetypes Show us approaches to change and improvement Genres of Folktale Literature Legend: has verifiable establishing, is vague Ex: Johnny Applauded Fairy Tales: depend on enchantment to give dream answers for defeat issues Myths: account projection shaped into a story, relationship more profound with the universe Fable: moral, typically unequivocal, representation, short stories, consistently have creatures who, dislike fantasy would they say they were can talk through mysterious influence yet no enchantment is required for them to talk Everyday life circumstances Protagonists are creatures Moral truth NOT enchantment Animals g ive Didactic capacity The Stake Tales The PanchromaticFunction of Folktales Explanatory Traditional (go with customs) Social (help unite individuals) Schools of Folklore Inquiry Origin Form Meaning Style Origins: Early Stages Distribution and dispersal of folktales Grimm Frederic Max Mueller Scholar of Sanskrit Solar folklore: doesn't have anything to do with the sun, yet the normal world Folktales are clarifications of characteristic marvel Mueller Theodore Bendy German Orientals Studied Eastern societies Argued that stories started in India Folktales went through three significant roads: Oral customs from vendors Arabic and Persian Translations Contact among Muslim and European Origins: Historical and land strategy Reconstruct the historical backdrop of a specific story †take a gander at variants and triangulate what the basic cause is Methodology: gather all the known variations of a story; from Motif: reoccurring topic, every component in a table Type: a lot of themes hung together, a customary story that has a one of a kind requesting the themes Form Two significant schools Formalist Vladimir Prop Functions Actions that are taken by characters, how do these activity move the story, back it off, or impact the general structure of the story Ex: LORD meeting the wolf? What capacity does this have?Functions occur in a specific request 31 potential capacities, successive, however not all capacities show up in all stories Structuralism Levi-Strauss Myths mirror the intelligent structure of the human brain Binary restriction: two things in nature that are contradicted See formalist and capacities above Believed fables is an uncommon type of verbal fine arts of legends and writing have various morphologies that old stories has explicit structures Literary works have a writer, old stories works never have a writer Literature is steady, old stories changes freely of individuals' will Morphology: a credit of the story as indicated by its segment part and the re lationship of these segments to one another and to the entire Max Lithium and Style Stylistic Analysis Four Features of Folklore One Dimensionality Coexistence of a genuine and charmed world Happen to stroll from a genuine world into a captivated one Dependableness Absence of character inspiration Don't have to know the character history to realize their inspirations Often found in fantasies Lack of mental profundity Abstraction Extremes and shows contrasts Ex: troll eats a bull BC Hess so ravenous Fixed recipes:

Drug and Alcohol addiction in Teens Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Medication and Alcohol dependence in Teens - Essay Example Additionally, at present, 46 percent of the understudies in secondary schools are consistent and persistent clients of these substances. Besides, in excess of 90 percent of the American populace, who meets the clinical models for compulsion, began utilizing medications and liquor a long time before the age of 18 years. Along these lines, the point here is that medication and liquor use inside the youngsters of the US is among one of the greatest wellbeing worries for the organization of United States (Park, 2011). One of the prime purposes for medication and liquor use inside adolescents is peer pressure. It is essential mental requirement for kids to be acknowledged into the social gatherings of their environmental factors and fit-in with their companions. Moreover, young people which originate from disturbed families, separated from guardians, lower salary class families and different sorts of grieved foundations neglect to get the perfect measure of consideration that they want from their folks, which puts them at more serious danger of going to exceptional lengths for standing out enough to be noticed from their companions. Besides, among different reasons, interest, history of medical problems, being exhausted, and others are a portion of the purposes for teenagers attempting medications and liquor (Kleiman, et al., 2011, p. 382). In the course of recent years, the general public and the media has been sending blended messages to youngsters with respect to sedate use. A few guardians and even instructive foundations have received this disposition that, â€Å"they are children and they will in the long run attempt it at any rate once, what’s the huge deal?† The most basic issue with this demeanor is that during the young and pre-adult years, the psychological pieces of the mind, which are liable for judgment, dynamic, and motivation control, are not completely evolved by at that point. In this way, if the youngster begins utilizing drugs during these early long stretches of life, the mind probably won't get the chance to see, totally, and handle the outcomes of

Monopoly and American values Essay Example for Free

Imposing business model and American qualities Essay In social orders everywhere throughout the world the tabletop game Monopoly is played by kids and grown-ups. The Parker Brother’s game has been sold in 37 unique dialects; more than 200 million duplicates have been sold, is professed to be the most mainstream game, and has additionally been sold in 103 nations. In America millions have played and is an ordinary and satisfactory â€Å"American Past Time. † From a functionalist point of view the prepackaged game educates and communicates a large number of the American qualities, for example, equivalent chance, individual accomplishment and achievement, acquiring material solace, progress, and the possibility of vote based system and free venture. The functionalist point of view speaks to society as framework containing different parts that all work together to accomplish social solidarity. In a post-modern culture, how does the round of Monopoly mingle individuals to the American Values? Society sure functions together and is very much organized to assist residents, government, and business visionaries. The table game Monopoly has numerous standards and standards. There have even been Monopoly Etiquette Guides composed for the genuine players just as competition players. The suggested age for play is eight years old and more seasoned and at least two players. In America the majority of those with kin of kids see how wrong a round of Monopoly can transform into a major battle. The standards of the game are entirely simple to follow. The object of the game is to turn into the wealthiest player through purchasing, leasing and selling property. Every player is offered $1500 to start the game. A player must be chosen to be the broker and sell property, houses, inns, and pay the $200 compensation that is gathered each time a player passes go. The financier is additionally answerable for gathering fines and expenses owed. The spaces on the board are completely named and incorporate; GO, Jail, Chance, Community Chest, Taxes, Free Parking, and pay lease when arriving on an opponent’s improved property. Every player is spoken to by a token which is an image of the game. These incorporate; a wheel dump cart, a vehicle, an iron, a thimble, a rancher on a pony, a pooch , a pot of gold, a top cap, a boat, a boot, or a gun. Every player is liable to failing, subsequently expanding the different player’s possibility of discovering riches. American culture is fundamentally the same as the round of Monopoly. Players are associated to these thoughts which speak to the estimations of America. Equivalent open door is educated by everybody starting with a similar measure of cash, $1500, just as $200 compensation gathered with every turn around the board. Individual accomplishment and achievement is shown on turning into the wealthiest player and to possess the most property. Endeavoring and working for material solace is educated through gathering a pay and improving your claimed properties, just as gathering rent. Progress is an incentive in America that is assessed by citizenry every day. Progress in the game Monopoly is estimated by riches and property claimed and making a restraining infrastructure on assets, structures, and property. The last significant American worth educated to players is majority rules system and free venture. The accord of Monopoly is that it is a pleasant game to play. The show capacity of Monopoly is to engage a gathering of players whether they are youngsters, youths, or grown-ups. The dormant capacity is instructing players to consider exclusively themselves and not their neighbor who they should help. Insatiability is instructed because of the accentuation of turning into the wealthiest player. The most seen inactive capacity of Monopoly being causing untruthfulness, outrage, and in any event, battling between contenders. Despite the fact that there are a few negatives against the game the most significant job is advancing social solidarity by empowering a superior network exertion. Progress takes everyone’s help not only a couple. Two alternatives were given for an exploration task toward the start of the course. Choice one was to pick a class from; film, sports, or publicizing. The subsequent choice was to peruse a book outside of class that centers around Wal-Mart, the lowest pay permitted by law employments for ladies, or how inexpensive food has made a â€Å"now† interest for all of America’s administrations. The alternative chose for an individual intrigue was sports. All the more explicitly how sex assumes a job in the dashing scene. How are ladies and men treated in an unexpected way? A significant spotlight will be on racing and how circumstances are different as far as could reasonably be expected and can't race as showed by NHRA (National Hot Rod Association) Drag Racing. Taking everything into account Monopoly helps educate and spread the thoughts of American culture. Players are to turn into the wealthiest and may have a higher economic wellbeing as they can win Monopoly. An investigation in 2005 found that American’s esteem self articulation more than endurance. (Macionis pg. 49) This is even instructed through Monopoly by having the option to choose how you manufacture your property and by picking your game piece to speak to yourself. A near report found that in 1969 the objective of first year understudies was to â€Å"Develop an important way of thinking of life† as opposed to 2005 first year undergrads are needing â€Å"to be off financially†. (Macionis pg. 56) Today in America having riches is looked for by all residents however not many discover extraordinary riches. As per the estimations of American’s material solace ought to be worked for and can be a higher priority than endurance. With the thoughts of vote based system and free venture being key ideas of the game it isn't unexpected to find that all around roughly 46% of the universes nations are â€Å"politically free†. (Macionis pg. 44) Although the game has been distributed in 37 unique dialects, English is an exceptionally basic first language just as a typical second language over the globe. (Macionius pg. 47) Following a similar idea almost the entirety of the United States communicates in English or Spanish in the home. (Macionius pg. 56)This takes into account the further affirmation of the American Values to numerous social orders. In general the round of Monopoly mingles individuals of numerous societies to the American qualities. The entirety of the American qualities urge an individual to think by and by instead of all inclusive.

Hinduisms Main Principles

Hinduism is one of the most seasoned and far reaching religions on the planet; as of now it is polished by individuals who may live in altogether different nations. This paper is planned for talking about the primary standards of Hinduism, it social perspectives and its effect on the general public in the United States. Promoting We will compose a custom article test on Hinduism’s Main Principles explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The information on these issues is significant for understanding the assorted variety of present day social orders in which individuals may have various convictions, values or even view of God. By and large, one can distinguish the accompanying attributes of Hinduism, to be specific the acknowledgment of various strict perspectives, the faith in resurrection of soul, and the possibility that God can take a wide range of structures. Besides, it ought to be noticed this religion is currently polished in numerous Western nations, for example, the United States and its quality expands the decent variety of present day American culture and makes individuals increasingly mindful about the assortment of strict convictions. Above all else, Hinduism is hard to characterize in light of the fact that this religion fuses an assortment of convictions that perceive the ethical authority of the Vedas which are strict writings starting from old India (Mittal and Thursby 3). Additionally, Hinduism incorporates a few categories or gatherings of individuals who may have various customs. It ought to be noticed that there are a few unmistakable highlights of Hinduism. Positively, the supporters of this religion acknowledge the presence of God as a more powerful that made the universe. In addition, God is available in each living being. However, Hindus imagine that an individual can venerate God in various structures. The god can have various characters, for example, Shiva, Vishnu, or Brahma (Neusner 186). It is hard to decide if Hinduism is monotheistic or polytheistic religion. Indeed in some section of Hinduism, individuals can acknowledge the presence of a few divinities (Neusner 186). In this way, Hindus don't acknowledge the possibility that God can take just one structure. This is one of the issues that individuals ought to recollect. In addition, individuals should consider that Hinduism did not depend on some particular ordinance or a lot of composed sources. The Vedas do assume a significant job in the lives of Hindus, however different strict pioneers could give their own understanding of God and ethical quality. Besides, it is significant that this religion doesn't set direct prerequisites for the admirers who may follow distinctive strict customs. All the more critically, Hinduism doesn't dismiss different types of strict confidence. It isn't against Judaism, Christianity, or Islam. Hindus don't contend that their view on God and the universe is the main conceivable one. These are the principle qualifications of the religion and individuals ought to recall about them while interfacing with Hindus.Advertising Looking for exposition on religion philosophy? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More One ought to likewise talk about the way of life of Hinduism. It ought to be mulled over that Hinduism advanced throughout a few centuries during which Indian subcontinent saw numerous political, social, and segment changes. Besides, Hinduism can be rehearsed in various nations, for instance, India, Sri Lanka, or Bangladesh. This is the reason one ought not assume that this religion is constantly connected with some unmistakable social qualities or practices. There are a few ceremonies that play a significant life in the social existence of Hindus, for instance one can make reference to, various types of yoga, or celebrations such Gudi Padwa and Bihu (Kaur 1968). These celebrations are held by Hindus who may live in various nations. B esides, Hinduism acknowledges the possibility of material belongings and even exotic delights given that an individual doesn't damage the moral standards, particularly on the off chance that he/she doesn't confine the opportunity of others. Furthermore, it is conceivable to distinguish a few social qualities that Hindus generally perceive, specifically, the regard for older folks, humility, and acknowledgment of ones confinements and shortcomings. Along these lines, this religion focuses on the modesty of a person. These social qualities influence Hindus’ relations with others. Moreover, one should take note of that Hinduism would now be able to be polished in the United States for over a century. Absolutely, this religion isn't trailed by most of the notoriety. However, these days, Hindu sanctuaries can be found in various pieces of the nation, for example, one can make reference to such states as California, Illinois, New York, etc (Neusner 180). Numerous Hindus live in suc h urban zones as Chicago, Philadelphia, San Francisco, or New York (Neusner 180). This religion is trailed by individuals who came to America from India or Sri Lanka. There are a few manners by which this religion impacts the general public. Above all else, one can make reference to that American individuals have gotten increasingly mindful about strict and social practices that may exist in non-Western nations. The nearness of Hinduism makes individuals increasingly mindful of the way that there are different types of strict confidence, and they can contrast from the Judeo-Christian convention which is prevailing in the United States. A portion of these practices have gotten extremely well known, for example, one can make reference to Yoga that is exceptionally mainstream among numerous individuals. Along these lines, the impact of Hinduism can be viewed as positive since this religion underscores the need of resilience and regard toward the perspectives on others.Advertising We wi ll compose a custom article test on Hinduism’s Main Principles explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Overall, I have an inspirational disposition toward Hinduism, despite the fact that I didn't have direct contacts with this religion. As it has been said previously, it acknowledges various types of love and strict confidence and it isn't against different religions. This component significantly advances to me on the grounds that the supporters of Hinduism don't feel that their strict perspectives are in any capacity better than those of others. Also, Hinduism doesn't force certain limitations on admirers. They don't need to adhere to specific principles, while loving God. At the end of the day, these individuals have a general level of opportunity. Along these lines, an individual, who isn't associated to any religion, may have a great mentality toward Hinduism. Absolutely, my judgment might be emotional, and increasingly precise appraisal can be given in the event that I get familiar with the convictions and moral rules that Hindus perceive and different divisions of this religion. Overall, these models propose that contemporary Hinduism is an energetic religion that would now be able to be polished in Western and non-Western nations. Its standards remember the dismissal of fanaticism and accentuation for the freedom of a person. Over the span of its history, it experienced a few huge changes, however it remains engaging numerous individuals to a limited extent since Hindus don't guarantee their view of God is preferred or progressively exact over the convictions of others. The nearness of Hinduism in the United States can be viewed as a constructive power since American individuals can get familiar with the moral and social parts of different religions. Works Cited Kaur, Raminder. Performative Politics and the Cultures of Hinduism: Public employments of Religion in Western India, Delhi: Anthem Press, 2005. Print. Mittal Sushil, and G. Thursby. Examining Hinduism: key ideas and strategies, New York: Routledge, 2008. Print.Advertising Searching for article on religion philosophy? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Neusner, Jacob. World Religions in America: An Introduction, Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2009. Print. This exposition on Hinduism’s Main Principles was composed and presented by client Malcolm Mason to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Motivation of Your Employees

Motivation of Your Employees One of the key objectives that should feature in any business and organizational plan is motivation of one’s employees. It goes without saying that a motivated workforce is a more creative and productive one. Innovation is necessary to produce quality work. Only driven employees would put in the effort to find better methods to deliver quality output in the most efficient manner possible. The more engaged and motivated your employees are, the more it helps with reducing turnover. Those who frequently look out for better opportunities may be the ones with great potential while the ones who stay on could be just settling for their circumstances.Is the current global workforce as motivated as it should be? And if it isn’t, what is the best way to improve the situation, starting with your company? © Shutterstock.com | BoBaa22This article will take you through 1) eye-opening employee engagement statistics, 2) 7 key reasons why employees feel de-motivated,  3) motivation strategies differ for each  worker, and  4) the best ways to motivate employees.EYE-OPENING EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT STATISTICSWhat follows are some eye-opening (and startling) employee engagement statistics:Only 30 percent of employees worldwide feel inspired and engaged by their careersClose to half (48%) of employees across the globe detest their jobs18 percent of employees globally are actively disengaged meaning though they are present at work, they hate it completelyHighly engaged employees were 87 percent less likely to leave their companies than their disengaged counterparts3 out of every 4 people who leave their jobs of their own will, aren’t quitting their jobs but their bossesLess than half of the workforce (40 percent) were aware of their company’s goals, tactics and strategiesOrganizations with grea tly engaged employees accomplish double the annual net income of those whose employees are not so well engaged (as per an analysis of 64 organizations)7 KEY REASONS WHY EMPLOYEES FEEL DE-MOTIVATED © Flickr | Mike LewisHere’s a look at some of the chief triggers for employee de-motivation:1. No Recognition or Feeling of ValueWhen employees are not recognized or given credit for a job very well done or immense efforts they have put in towards a project, they become demotivated. They lose interest and may not even want to try thinking innovatively, get some extra work done or even just perform their role with feelings of obligation and energy because their boss doesn’t seem to care or notice their hard work and dedication.2. Unrealistic Demands or Work LoadWith the idea of getting a lot of work done and fast, ambitious bosses may place heavy and unrealistic workloads upon the shoulders of their employees. Though holding staff to high standards is not really a bad thing, it does become bad when managers cross the line by being too demanding or overburdening with them. Asking employees to carry out the truly impossible, or insisting that they complete projects over the weekend s even when they’re not time-sensitive would invite low morale and decreased productivity from them.3. MicromanagementMicromanagement may be defined as a management style characterized by the manager closely (excessively) observing and supervising the work of his employees or subordinates. The manager may not mean any harm by his micromanagement however it can be irritating and bothersome to his employees. The reason is that it tells them he doesn’t trust their judgement and thereby contributes to a loss of motivation. The employees disengaged by the micromanagement may leave for the sake of more freedom or, if the manager is lucky, continue to stay but just muddle through.4. Job InsecurityAs per a survey by Human Resource Services Inc, job security is the most important factor for employee motivation. So this means, insecurity in the job place can wreak havoc when it comes to employee retention. If an employee is at an expendable job or working in an unstable company, he may ju st put in the necessary effort to keep getting his salary. The rest of his energy will be spent on updating his resume, gossiping with co-workers, looking for a more stable job elsewhere and planning his jump.5. No ProgressThe majority of employees feel happy when there is continuing learning potential in their company and they have a feeling of growing in their knowledge and skills. Even progress in the form of small workplace accomplishments are triggers for motivation. If on the other hand, employees feel uninspired and stagnant, their enthusiasm and engagement will drop. In addition, if an employee is trying to introduce a new idea or change and it has to pass through lots of red tape, he’s going to lose all the fervor and drive he began with.6. Conflicting or Otherwise Unpleasant Co-WorkersResearch from Gallup reveals that close friendships at work cause a 50 percent increase in employee satisfaction while having a close friend at work increased the likelihood of engagement i n work by seven times. So, one can just imagine what would be the outcome of having bullying, intimidating or otherwise unpleasant or conflicting co-workers. Even if the job is well-paying and offers opportunities for career growth, if there are back-stabbers, the result would be misery and stress.7. BoredomResearch time and again shows that Gen X (roughly people born in the period from the mid 1960’s to 1980) and Gen Y (roughly people born in the period between 1980 and the year 2000) employees today long for a job that is personally satisfying or allows them to apply their personal interests in their job. According to a Philips Work/Life Survey, close to 3 out of every 4 (68 percent) working Americans are willing to accept a salary cut in the midst of a competitive job market and chaotic economy as long as their job enables them to incorporate their personal interests into it. The results of a recent LinkedIn poll support the increasing yearning for fulfillment among the people of different geographies and age groups.MOTIVATION STRATEGIES DIFFER  FOR EACH WORKERThe level of employee engagement can differ based on variables such as occupation or industry or more personal characteristics such as an employee’s education level, age, gender and duration of service at the company. So, managers face the challenge of matching their workers with the right motivation strategy. Given below are a few of the conclusions drawn from studies Gallup conducted in the period between 2010 and 2012 with different sections of the U.S. population:Employees in possession of a college degree have engagement levels that are lower than those seen among employees in possession of a high school diploma or even less than that. This indicates that managers need to improve on their investment in the employees with higher degrees by identifying ways by which they can capitalize on and honor all that they have achieved.Employees in production and manufacturing are among those business se ctor employees who are the least engaged. The reason could be that the management culture in these sectors concentrates more on process than on people. So, if some more management culture could be devoted to people with respect to these industries, considerable benefit in employee motivation and engagement can be expected.The job-hopping tendency is particularly common among millennials (Gen Y). As such, it would be wise if the manager offered this group lots of opportunities to learn and progress. This would contribute to increased retention of the millennial generation.When compared to other generations, Baby Boomers (those people born in the period between 1946 and 1964) respond better when their managers devote extra effort to showing they care. So to optimize engagement of baby boomer employees, managers may do well to show interest in them by inquiring about their work or other key areas of their life.Bob Nelson: Employee Motivation, Reward, Retention and Recognition Expert, K eynote Speaker THE BEST WAYS TO MOTIVATE EMPLOYEESThe best methods of motivating employees may be grouped into six sections, each of which are described in detail in the ensuing paragraphs.1. Effective CommunicationThere are two key aspects to effective communication for employee motivation,  Communication of information that affects an employee’s workThis is essential and would make the employee feel that he belongs to the  in-crowd (people who are aware of the happenings at work the moment their colleagues become aware of it). Make it a point to keep your employees  up-to-date on things like customer feedback, changing due dates, product improvements, new interaction structures or departmental reporting, and training opportunities. By doing so, your employees would be able to make better decisions about their work as and when there are changes. A good rule to follow would be to share more than you consider necessary, at least till you get the hang of it. If there are employees w ho would be particularly affected by one or more changes, spend additional time communicating with them in terms of how the change would affect their decisions, job, time allocation and goals.More attention and an open-door policy As per information from a 2012 Global Workforce Study, when compared to immediate supervisors, senior managers had a greater role in attracting discretionary effort from employees. The study incorporated close to 90,000 staff from 18 countries. So, it shows that if an employee gets to spend extra time with his boss, he would feel rewarded by the attention.It is a good idea to initiate an open-door policy so that employees can feel free to share their legitimate ideas, concerns or complaints with their manager(s). Even if an idea cannot be implemented or a particular complaint or concern cannot be resolved wholly to the employee’s expectation, the employee would appreciate the fact that it was looked into or addressed by the management.Show interest in th e employee’s life events by asking about vacation trips, congratulating on a baby’s arrival and things like that.2. AppreciationEmployees deliver parts of the overall picture and every part is important. So, appreciation of hard work and projects delivered extremely well will make employees feel good about themselves and also valued, while giving them the drive to keep putting in their best. It is good to recognize individual employees as well as show appreciation for all employees as a group when their team effort resulted in some accomplishment. Just a few minutes of recognition can create a great change in an employee’s attitude to work.Individual RecognitionIf a particular employee has accomplished something really exceptional, his manager caninvite the employee into his office and personally commend him for the good job, or,send him an email of appreciation or,praise him with a public announcement or,post the employees achievement on the bulletin board.Group RecognitionHe re are two ways to show appreciation for the dedication and solid work contributed by the company’s employees as a group:Once in a week, employees can be sent emails, newsletters or updates that let them know their hard work is bearing fruit.A meeting can be held which incorporates talk about how employee efforts are helping the company achieve its goals.It is okay to be open with employees about room for improvement in their work. However, ideally, it is good to provide employees with more praise than negative feedback.3. Rewarding Your EmployeesRewarding your employees is a great way to show them just how happy you are with their dedication, impressive behavior (with a customer or client) and outstanding efforts. While on the one hand, an effective reward system will make your employees feel on top of this world, on the other hand, it is also a tool by which you can make known the behaviors or actions which you repeatedly expect from your employees. So a suggestion would be to s et aside a certain kind of reward or recognition that comes with specific information about the requirements (or targets) to be achieved to get that reward or recognition. Only a person who performs at the standard or level described in the qualifying criteria would get the reward.Given below are some ideas for monetary and non-monetary rewards.Monetary rewardsFree lunch/dinner for just the employee or for him and his better half too,Sponsored car wash and a tank of full serve gas,Tickets to a popular sports event.Non-monetary rewardsAllowing the employee to work from home for a day,Letting him come in casual dress on a specific day,A plum assignment â€" let your employee choose the assignment he can work on next,A vacation day,Another suggestion is to personalize the rewards by thinking about what kind of reward would make a particular employee most happy.4. Realistic Work LoadThe workload for each employee should be balanced and realistic. Too much on an employee’s plate can dem otivate him and too little can make him lazy and/or result in attention lapses. To come up with a suitable workload, it would help to analyze how much work an employee usually performs, the work environment, mental and physical requirements for the job and how much time is there on hand to get the work done. Deadlines should be practical too. One can consider encouraging employees to be open about when they feel their workloads are too much for them to bear so that the workloads can be adjusted accordingly.Apart from the quantity of work, it would be ideal if employees get projects that incorporate aspects of personal interest to them. According to a Philips Work/Life Survey, close to half of the American population (47 percent) claims that the motivation for coming to their present job is the ability to live their passions and this shows in their work.5. A Pleasant Work EnvironmentAs employees spend a fair amount of their day within the walls of their office, it would really be wor th it to make the office look and feel as welcoming and comfortable as possible. When employees feel happy in their work environment, they feel motivated to work. Here are some tips for creating a pleasant work environment:FoodKeep snacks in the office, and/or ensure there’s enough coffee or tea in the kitchen to help your employees get through the day. One can even consider giving their employees special treats once in a week or month such as pizza or bagels and donuts. Keep in mind that there should be something for the health conscious and weight conscious too.LightingIf harsh fluorescent lights cannot be avoided, one can consider keeping at least a few low watt bulbs that are not as harsh on the eye. In addition, positioning employees close to windows where they can get some natural light and fresh air will make them feel less suffocated.TemperatureThe temperature in the office should ideally be temperate (neither too cold nor too hot). Very hot or freezing temperatures can ha ve a negative effect on employee motivation.WallsEmployees will look at their walls often. So, it is a great idea to use wall space as a canvas for stuff that motivates such as a few motivational slogans (don’t go overboard with it) or posters that indicate that the company is progressing. It is a nice idea to have a bulletin board where employees can put up birthday cards, pictures or other stuff that they can share with their colleagues.6. Social Outings and EventsThese kinds of events will help the company’s employees get better acquainted with their co-workers and possibly establish friendships with them. The friendly relations thus developed with their colleagues are again, fuel for motivation. Given below are some suggestions for team and social outings and events:Establish a softball league or bowling team: This is great for fostering team spirit as well as colleague-colleague bondingOne can allow employees to have lunch together outside, once a monthOne can encourage emp loyees to join volunteering causes in teams. This again helps in creating team bonding while making the employees feel a sense of satisfaction at doing something for society.The surprising truth about what motivates us The power of employee motivation should never be underestimated. Devoting time and effort to improving employee engagement is definitely worth it considering the rewards you’ll reap from doing so, in the long term. Image credit:  Flickr | Mike Lewis under Attribution 2.0 Generic.

Maldives’s Communication Strategy Essay - 275 Words

Maldives's Communication Strategy (Essay Sample) Content: Communication strategyStudent name:Course code:Instructor:Date:IntroductionSuccessful advertising involves a sequence of events and tactical steps that are combined to effectively communicate a message. The planners must choose a suitable media to ensure the advertisement reaches the targeted audience. Through a sequence of advertisements a communication model has to ensure that a link is created between the communication effect and the brand being advertised so that consumer brand purchasing can be achieved. There are four main steps a communication model has to take into consideration. The first one is the buyer which consists of the audience targeted as well as the action objectives. The second is the brand and it is in this step that the communication objectives are outlined. The third is the advertisement which involves the processing objectives and the final step involves media. Media is the type of medium to be used to expose the advertisement and this comprise s of radio broadcasting, television, print media as well as digital media.There are various theoretical frameworks used during the development of an advertisement in a particular advertising campaign. The famously used frameworks include the means-ends theory, visual as well as verbal frameworks and hierarchy of effects. By utilizing the model hierarchy of effects, the advertising campaignà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s core objectives are effectively clarified and so are the objectives of that particular advertisement. The concept stipulates that there are six steps a consumer navigates through before making the final purchase decision. These steps include the awareness step, the knowledge step, the liking step, the preference step, the conviction step and finally actual purchase (Clow Baack, 2004). The concept principally assists the creative in interpreting the advertisementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s impact on viewers. It basically acts as a guide towards the accomplishments an advertisement or various marketin g communications must achieve. With regards to means-end theory, the concept talks about the means that leads to a customerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s desired final or end state.Consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s end states are diverse values depicted in customers and the values are always personal to a specific consumer. Means-end theory borrows its concept from the MECCAS model, a strategy used to utilize several factors in developing advertisements. These factors are the attributes of the product or service, leverage points, consumer benefits, personal values and finally an executing framework. Verbal as well as visual images are advertisement elements that are used to make a message more understanding as well as easy to remember. A perfect blend between the visual images and verbal is necessary for an advertisement to deliver its message and for a long time remain in the consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s memory.Other aspects that the creative has to consider when using a communication model, is the advertisement appeals . There are several advertisement appeals including; fear, sex, rationality, humour, music, scarcity and emotions. These appeals are selected depending on the communication method to be used and the advertisementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s objectives as per the analysis in the creative brief. The fear approach is based on the theoretical framework known as behavioural response model. Fear stimulates the interest of a viewer and also increases the level of persuasiveness of an advertisement. Humour is used in an advertisement to ensure the viewerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s attention is caught. It is also used so that the viewerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s attention can be sustained for longer periods. Sex appeals are when sex or nudity is used to stimulate a viewerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s attention. Musical appeals are used as an accompaniment of the visual information. They are used for purposes of retention because when consumers recall a song, it is assumed that they will also recall the advertisement associated with it. Scarcity appeal s are used to portray a brand as limited. Time limitations or availability are used to stimulate a consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s interest. Emotional appeals are used when an advertisement seeks to create an attachment connecting a consumer to the brand. Finally rational appeals work based on hierarchy of effects concept since they exploit the ability of consumer information processing.Maldivesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s marketing strategyThe Maldives marketing department as well as the PR employs a range of advertisement strategies using different frameworks to convey a message about Maldives as the best tourist destination. By using various media to expose the message, the global audience is able to discover what kind of experiences they offer through various advertisements. Among the major media used to advertise by the Maldives is TV commercials, radio broadcasting print media and digital media.Print and digital mediaPrint and digital media is used by the Maldives to offer customers brand knowledge. Usi ng a website, interested customers all over the world visit the site and acquire more information that influences their purchase decision. The site has photos and videos with appealing visuals that depict Maldives as the best destination for honeymoons, diving expeditions and a place with interesting culture and traditions hence a strategy to utilize emotional appeals. Customers are also offered the opportunity to download brochures and visitor guides which can provide in-depth information about the destination. The Maldives also uses social media platforms through digital media to attract the attention of global customers. An example is an advertising campaign using twitter to promote the slogan "Maldives the sunny side of life." Other avenues include face book, where a page is filled with helpful information that can easily be accessed by online customers.Maldives marketing as well as PR corporation has recently also released an array of mock-up billboards which exhibit a new bran ding of the Maldives dabbed "always natural." Through the usage of superior graphics to produce visual images accompanied with clear messages, the Maldives marketing have been able to utilize the executing framework according to the means-end theory to expose their message to the audience. The marketing department has also through MECCAS methodology used specific messages on the bill boards to describe the destinationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s attributes, what tourist benefit from visiting and creating leverage point by using the new slogan "always natural" and an attractive logo exposing the destinationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s rare natural characteristics.Radio advertisingAn example is the case where the Maldives used RNE radio to promote the destination in Spain. By targeting the Spanish audience radio worked as a medium to expose a visual image of the destination to the Spanish people. As a result, more visitors from Spain were reported to have visited the Maldives. In this case, the use of a framework th at utilizes verbal as well as visual imagery was used. Visual imagery is a core factor for consideration when an advertisement is targeting an international scene (Okazaki, 2011). Visual Esperanto is used to create a universal language used to break the barriers that can affect a brandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s advertisement globally due to cultural and other forms of diversity (Messaris, 2002).TV commercialsA while back, the Maldives partnered with BBC to assist in accessing an upmarket audience across the globe. By staging TV commercials advertisements that stimulated appeals such as emotional as well scarcity, the advertisements showcased the Maldives as a destination with white sands, attractive weather and beautiful turquoise lagoons. The commercial managed to invoke emotions as well as present Maldives as a destination that offers quality in comparison to other global destination. As a result global customers who interpreted the quality presented through the advertisement were influenced and hence an increase in the numbers of tourist from abroad. Currently the Maldivesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s TV commercial that airs on CNN with the slogan "the sunny side of life" used a dual-coded message by using visuals and music to invoke appeals in the audience. The advertisement shows people enjoying the coast and sea life and also displays a couple enjoying a honeymoon. The advertisement not only stimulates emotional and music appeals but also creates leverage points by using the people in the advertisements to exhibit experiences the audience can relate to. The advertisement is able to expose the five elements suggested in the MECCAS model by showcasing the destinationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s attributes such as amazing sandy beaches, turquoise waters and green forests among others. These attributes are used to make a viewer recall the Maldives whenever a tourist destination comes in mind. By exposing the qualities and the unique characteristics of the Maldives, the advertising frame assists consum ers to comprehend what personal value the advertising message communicates.AnalysisRadio broadcasting as a medium for advertising can be effective when trying to create a visual image in international advertising. Another appeal that can be incorporated in the creating of visual image using radio broadcasting as medium is music. Music not only creates a visual image but also enhances the emotional aspects involved in an advertisement. By using this approach, the advertisement will have an increased persuasiveness and will have a long-term effect on the consumer since musical...

History of the Oven From Cast Iron to Electric

Ancient people first began cooking on open fires. The cooking fires were placed on the ground and later simple masonry construction was used to hold the wood and/or food. Simple ovens were used by the ancient Greeks for making bread and other baked goods. By the middle ages, taller brick mortar hearths, often with chimneys were being built. The food to be cooked was often placed in metal cauldrons that were hung above the fire. The first written historical record of an oven being built refers to an oven built in 1490 in Alsace, France. This oven was made entirely of brick and tile, including the flue. Improvements to Wood Burning Ovens Inventors began making improvements to wood burning stoves primarily to contain the bothersome smoke that was being produced. Fire chambers were invented that contained the wood fire, and holes were built into the top of these chambers so that cooking pots with flat bottoms could be placed directly upon replacing the cauldron. One masonry design of note was the 1735 Castrol stove (aka stew stove). This was invented by French architect Franà §ois Cuvillià ©s. It was able to completely contain the fire and had several openings covered by iron plates with holes. Iron Stoves Around 1728, cast iron ovens really began to be made in high quantities. These first ovens of German design were called Five-plate or Jamb stoves. Around 1800, Count Rumford (aka Benjamin Thompson) invented a working iron kitchen stove called the Rumford stove that was designed for very large working kitchens. The Rumford had one fire source that could heat several cooking pots.  The heating level for each pot could also be regulated individually. However, the Rumford stove was too large for the average kitchen and inventors had to continue to improve their designs. One successful and compact cast iron design was Stewarts Oberlin iron stove, patented in 1834. Cast iron stoves continued to evolve, with iron gratings added to the cooking holes, and added chimneys and connecting flue pipes. Coal and Kerosene Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist designed the first sootless kerosene oven. Jordan Mott invented the first practical coal oven in 1833. Motts oven was called the baseburner. The oven had ventilation to burn the coal efficiently. The coal oven was cylindrical and was made of heavy cast iron with a hole in the top, which was then enclosed by an iron ring. Gas British inventor  James Sharp patented a gas oven in 1826, the first semi-successful gas oven to appear on the market. Gas ovens were found in most households by the 1920s with top burners and interior ovens. The evolution of gas stoves was delayed until gas lines that could furnish gas to households became common. During the 1910s, gas stoves appeared with enamel coatings that made the stoves easier to clean. One important gas design of note was the AGA cooker invented in 1922 by Swedish Nobel prize winner Gustaf Dalà ©n. Electricity It was not until the late 1920s and early 1930s that electric ovens began to compete with gas ovens.  Electric ovens were available as early as the 1890s. However, at that time, the technology and distribution of the electricity needed to power these early electric appliances still needed improvements. Some historians credit  Canadian Thomas Ahearn with inventing the first electric oven in 1882. Thomas Ahearn and his business partner Warren Y. Soper owned the Chaudiere Electric Light and Power Company of Ottawa. However, the Ahearn oven was only put into service in 1892, in the Windsor Hotel in Ottawa. The Carpenter Electric Heating Manufacturing Company invented an electric oven in 1891. An electric stove was exhibited at the Chicago Worlds Fair in 1893. On June 30, 1896, William Hadaway was issued the first patent for an electric oven. In 1910, William Hadaway went on to design the first toaster made by Westinghouse, a horizontal combination toaster-cooker. One major improvement in electric ovens was the invention of resistor heating coils, a familiar design in ovens also seen in hotplates. Microwaves The microwave oven was a by-product of another technology. It was during a radar-related research project around 1946 that Dr. Percy Spencer, an engineer with the Raytheon Corporation, noticed something very unusual when he was standing in front of an active combat radar. The candy bar in his pocket melted. He began to investigate and soon enough, the microwave oven was invented.